Consensus Competencies for Postgraduate Fellowship Training in Global Neurology.

Humans United States Consensus Fellowships and Scholarships Curriculum Neurology / education Clinical Competence Public Health Delphi Technique

Journal

Neurology
ISSN: 1526-632X
Titre abrégé: Neurology
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0401060

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
22 08 2023
Historique:
received: 18 09 2022
accepted: 27 01 2023
pmc-release: 22 08 2024
medline: 23 8 2023
pubmed: 31 3 2023
entrez: 30 3 2023
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Use a modified Delphi approach to develop competencies for neurologists completing ≥1 year of advanced global neurology training. An expert panel of 19 United States-based neurologists involved in global health was recruited from the American Academy of Neurology Global Health Section and the American Neurological Association International Outreach Committee. An extensive list of global health competencies was generated from review of global health curricula and adapted for global neurology training. Using a modified Delphi method, United States-based neurologists participated in 3 rounds of voting on a survey with potential competencies rated on a 4-point Likert scale. A final group discussion was held to reach consensus. Proposed competencies were then subjected to a formal review from a group of 7 neurologists from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) with experience working with neurology trainees from high-income countries (HICs) who commented on potential gaps, feasibility, and local implementation challenges of the proposed competencies. This feedback was used to modify and finalize competencies. Three rounds of surveys, a conference call with United States-based experts, and a semistructured questionnaire and focus group discussion with LMIC experts were used to discuss and reach consensus on the final competencies. This resulted in a competency framework consisting of 47 competencies across 8 domains: (1) cultural context, social determinants of health and access to care; (2) clinical and teaching skills and neurologic medical knowledge; (3) team-based practice; (4) developing global neurology partnerships; (5) ethics; (6) approach to clinical care; (7) community neurologic health; (8) health care systems and multinational health care organizations. These proposed competencies can serve as a foundation on which future global neurology training programs can be built and trainees evaluated. It may also serve as a model for global health training programs in other medical specialties as well as a framework to expand the number of neurologists from HICs trained in global neurology.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Use a modified Delphi approach to develop competencies for neurologists completing ≥1 year of advanced global neurology training.
METHODS
An expert panel of 19 United States-based neurologists involved in global health was recruited from the American Academy of Neurology Global Health Section and the American Neurological Association International Outreach Committee. An extensive list of global health competencies was generated from review of global health curricula and adapted for global neurology training. Using a modified Delphi method, United States-based neurologists participated in 3 rounds of voting on a survey with potential competencies rated on a 4-point Likert scale. A final group discussion was held to reach consensus. Proposed competencies were then subjected to a formal review from a group of 7 neurologists from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) with experience working with neurology trainees from high-income countries (HICs) who commented on potential gaps, feasibility, and local implementation challenges of the proposed competencies. This feedback was used to modify and finalize competencies.
RESULTS
Three rounds of surveys, a conference call with United States-based experts, and a semistructured questionnaire and focus group discussion with LMIC experts were used to discuss and reach consensus on the final competencies. This resulted in a competency framework consisting of 47 competencies across 8 domains: (1) cultural context, social determinants of health and access to care; (2) clinical and teaching skills and neurologic medical knowledge; (3) team-based practice; (4) developing global neurology partnerships; (5) ethics; (6) approach to clinical care; (7) community neurologic health; (8) health care systems and multinational health care organizations.
DISCUSSION
These proposed competencies can serve as a foundation on which future global neurology training programs can be built and trainees evaluated. It may also serve as a model for global health training programs in other medical specialties as well as a framework to expand the number of neurologists from HICs trained in global neurology.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000207184 PMID: 36997322 PMC: PMC10449442
pubmed: 36997322
pii: WNL.0000000000207184
doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000207184
pmc: PMC10449442
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

357-368

Informations de copyright

© 2023 American Academy of Neurology.

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Auteurs

Nicoline Schiess (N)

From the Department of Neurology (N.S., A.-C.L.M., D.R.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Department of Health Professions Education (V.K.), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (P.A., A.C.-A.), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, MA; Department of Child Neurology (D.R.B.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Educational Psychology (D.R.B.), University of Zambia, Lusaka; Department of Neurology (A.L.B., F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Neurology (G.L.B., M.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; University of Zambia School of Medicine (G.L.B., M.K., O.K.S.), Lusaka; SEARCH (P.C.), Institute of HIV Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand; University Teaching Hospital (L.C.C., D.R.S.), Lusaka, Zambia; Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río (I.E.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (A.F.), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (A.F.), Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology (A.K.), B.J. Government Medical College, Pune, India; Department of Neurology (F.J.M., A.A.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Internal Medicine (A.A.M.), Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda; Department of Neurology (C.B.O.C.), Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale; Department of Medicine (A.O.), College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Child Neurology (A.A.P.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Department of Neurology (M.R.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (O.K.S.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Internal Medicine (S.A.T.), Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.T.T.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Neurology (N.V.), Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Neurology (J.Z.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.
ORCID: 0000-0002-0121-8453

Violet Kulo (V)

From the Department of Neurology (N.S., A.-C.L.M., D.R.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Department of Health Professions Education (V.K.), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (P.A., A.C.-A.), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, MA; Department of Child Neurology (D.R.B.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Educational Psychology (D.R.B.), University of Zambia, Lusaka; Department of Neurology (A.L.B., F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Neurology (G.L.B., M.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; University of Zambia School of Medicine (G.L.B., M.K., O.K.S.), Lusaka; SEARCH (P.C.), Institute of HIV Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand; University Teaching Hospital (L.C.C., D.R.S.), Lusaka, Zambia; Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río (I.E.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (A.F.), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (A.F.), Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology (A.K.), B.J. Government Medical College, Pune, India; Department of Neurology (F.J.M., A.A.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Internal Medicine (A.A.M.), Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda; Department of Neurology (C.B.O.C.), Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale; Department of Medicine (A.O.), College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Child Neurology (A.A.P.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Department of Neurology (M.R.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (O.K.S.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Internal Medicine (S.A.T.), Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.T.T.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Neurology (N.V.), Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Neurology (J.Z.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.
ORCID: 0000-0002-5386-9549

Pria Anand (P)

From the Department of Neurology (N.S., A.-C.L.M., D.R.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Department of Health Professions Education (V.K.), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (P.A., A.C.-A.), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, MA; Department of Child Neurology (D.R.B.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Educational Psychology (D.R.B.), University of Zambia, Lusaka; Department of Neurology (A.L.B., F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Neurology (G.L.B., M.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; University of Zambia School of Medicine (G.L.B., M.K., O.K.S.), Lusaka; SEARCH (P.C.), Institute of HIV Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand; University Teaching Hospital (L.C.C., D.R.S.), Lusaka, Zambia; Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río (I.E.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (A.F.), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (A.F.), Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology (A.K.), B.J. Government Medical College, Pune, India; Department of Neurology (F.J.M., A.A.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Internal Medicine (A.A.M.), Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda; Department of Neurology (C.B.O.C.), Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale; Department of Medicine (A.O.), College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Child Neurology (A.A.P.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Department of Neurology (M.R.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (O.K.S.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Internal Medicine (S.A.T.), Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.T.T.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Neurology (N.V.), Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Neurology (J.Z.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.

David R Bearden (DR)

From the Department of Neurology (N.S., A.-C.L.M., D.R.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Department of Health Professions Education (V.K.), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (P.A., A.C.-A.), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, MA; Department of Child Neurology (D.R.B.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Educational Psychology (D.R.B.), University of Zambia, Lusaka; Department of Neurology (A.L.B., F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Neurology (G.L.B., M.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; University of Zambia School of Medicine (G.L.B., M.K., O.K.S.), Lusaka; SEARCH (P.C.), Institute of HIV Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand; University Teaching Hospital (L.C.C., D.R.S.), Lusaka, Zambia; Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río (I.E.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (A.F.), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (A.F.), Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology (A.K.), B.J. Government Medical College, Pune, India; Department of Neurology (F.J.M., A.A.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Internal Medicine (A.A.M.), Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda; Department of Neurology (C.B.O.C.), Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale; Department of Medicine (A.O.), College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Child Neurology (A.A.P.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Department of Neurology (M.R.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (O.K.S.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Internal Medicine (S.A.T.), Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.T.T.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Neurology (N.V.), Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Neurology (J.Z.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.

Aaron L Berkowitz (AL)

From the Department of Neurology (N.S., A.-C.L.M., D.R.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Department of Health Professions Education (V.K.), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (P.A., A.C.-A.), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, MA; Department of Child Neurology (D.R.B.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Educational Psychology (D.R.B.), University of Zambia, Lusaka; Department of Neurology (A.L.B., F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Neurology (G.L.B., M.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; University of Zambia School of Medicine (G.L.B., M.K., O.K.S.), Lusaka; SEARCH (P.C.), Institute of HIV Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand; University Teaching Hospital (L.C.C., D.R.S.), Lusaka, Zambia; Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río (I.E.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (A.F.), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (A.F.), Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology (A.K.), B.J. Government Medical College, Pune, India; Department of Neurology (F.J.M., A.A.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Internal Medicine (A.A.M.), Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda; Department of Neurology (C.B.O.C.), Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale; Department of Medicine (A.O.), College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Child Neurology (A.A.P.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Department of Neurology (M.R.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (O.K.S.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Internal Medicine (S.A.T.), Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.T.T.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Neurology (N.V.), Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Neurology (J.Z.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.

Gretchen L Birbeck (GL)

From the Department of Neurology (N.S., A.-C.L.M., D.R.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Department of Health Professions Education (V.K.), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (P.A., A.C.-A.), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, MA; Department of Child Neurology (D.R.B.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Educational Psychology (D.R.B.), University of Zambia, Lusaka; Department of Neurology (A.L.B., F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Neurology (G.L.B., M.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; University of Zambia School of Medicine (G.L.B., M.K., O.K.S.), Lusaka; SEARCH (P.C.), Institute of HIV Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand; University Teaching Hospital (L.C.C., D.R.S.), Lusaka, Zambia; Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río (I.E.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (A.F.), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (A.F.), Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology (A.K.), B.J. Government Medical College, Pune, India; Department of Neurology (F.J.M., A.A.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Internal Medicine (A.A.M.), Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda; Department of Neurology (C.B.O.C.), Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale; Department of Medicine (A.O.), College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Child Neurology (A.A.P.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Department of Neurology (M.R.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (O.K.S.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Internal Medicine (S.A.T.), Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.T.T.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Neurology (N.V.), Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Neurology (J.Z.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.
ORCID: 0000-0002-0735-3461

Anna Cervantes-Arslanian (A)

From the Department of Neurology (N.S., A.-C.L.M., D.R.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Department of Health Professions Education (V.K.), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (P.A., A.C.-A.), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, MA; Department of Child Neurology (D.R.B.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Educational Psychology (D.R.B.), University of Zambia, Lusaka; Department of Neurology (A.L.B., F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Neurology (G.L.B., M.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; University of Zambia School of Medicine (G.L.B., M.K., O.K.S.), Lusaka; SEARCH (P.C.), Institute of HIV Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand; University Teaching Hospital (L.C.C., D.R.S.), Lusaka, Zambia; Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río (I.E.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (A.F.), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (A.F.), Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology (A.K.), B.J. Government Medical College, Pune, India; Department of Neurology (F.J.M., A.A.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Internal Medicine (A.A.M.), Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda; Department of Neurology (C.B.O.C.), Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale; Department of Medicine (A.O.), College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Child Neurology (A.A.P.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Department of Neurology (M.R.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (O.K.S.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Internal Medicine (S.A.T.), Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.T.T.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Neurology (N.V.), Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Neurology (J.Z.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.
ORCID: 0000-0002-6779-0647

Phillip Chan (P)

From the Department of Neurology (N.S., A.-C.L.M., D.R.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Department of Health Professions Education (V.K.), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (P.A., A.C.-A.), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, MA; Department of Child Neurology (D.R.B.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Educational Psychology (D.R.B.), University of Zambia, Lusaka; Department of Neurology (A.L.B., F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Neurology (G.L.B., M.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; University of Zambia School of Medicine (G.L.B., M.K., O.K.S.), Lusaka; SEARCH (P.C.), Institute of HIV Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand; University Teaching Hospital (L.C.C., D.R.S.), Lusaka, Zambia; Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río (I.E.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (A.F.), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (A.F.), Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology (A.K.), B.J. Government Medical College, Pune, India; Department of Neurology (F.J.M., A.A.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Internal Medicine (A.A.M.), Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda; Department of Neurology (C.B.O.C.), Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale; Department of Medicine (A.O.), College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Child Neurology (A.A.P.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Department of Neurology (M.R.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (O.K.S.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Internal Medicine (S.A.T.), Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.T.T.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Neurology (N.V.), Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Neurology (J.Z.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.

Lorraine Chishimba Chishimba (LC)

From the Department of Neurology (N.S., A.-C.L.M., D.R.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Department of Health Professions Education (V.K.), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (P.A., A.C.-A.), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, MA; Department of Child Neurology (D.R.B.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Educational Psychology (D.R.B.), University of Zambia, Lusaka; Department of Neurology (A.L.B., F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Neurology (G.L.B., M.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; University of Zambia School of Medicine (G.L.B., M.K., O.K.S.), Lusaka; SEARCH (P.C.), Institute of HIV Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand; University Teaching Hospital (L.C.C., D.R.S.), Lusaka, Zambia; Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río (I.E.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (A.F.), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (A.F.), Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology (A.K.), B.J. Government Medical College, Pune, India; Department of Neurology (F.J.M., A.A.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Internal Medicine (A.A.M.), Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda; Department of Neurology (C.B.O.C.), Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale; Department of Medicine (A.O.), College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Child Neurology (A.A.P.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Department of Neurology (M.R.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (O.K.S.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Internal Medicine (S.A.T.), Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.T.T.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Neurology (N.V.), Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Neurology (J.Z.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.

Felicia C Chow (FC)

From the Department of Neurology (N.S., A.-C.L.M., D.R.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Department of Health Professions Education (V.K.), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (P.A., A.C.-A.), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, MA; Department of Child Neurology (D.R.B.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Educational Psychology (D.R.B.), University of Zambia, Lusaka; Department of Neurology (A.L.B., F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Neurology (G.L.B., M.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; University of Zambia School of Medicine (G.L.B., M.K., O.K.S.), Lusaka; SEARCH (P.C.), Institute of HIV Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand; University Teaching Hospital (L.C.C., D.R.S.), Lusaka, Zambia; Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río (I.E.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (A.F.), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (A.F.), Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology (A.K.), B.J. Government Medical College, Pune, India; Department of Neurology (F.J.M., A.A.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Internal Medicine (A.A.M.), Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda; Department of Neurology (C.B.O.C.), Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale; Department of Medicine (A.O.), College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Child Neurology (A.A.P.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Department of Neurology (M.R.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (O.K.S.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Internal Medicine (S.A.T.), Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.T.T.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Neurology (N.V.), Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Neurology (J.Z.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.

Isabel Elicer (I)

From the Department of Neurology (N.S., A.-C.L.M., D.R.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Department of Health Professions Education (V.K.), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (P.A., A.C.-A.), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, MA; Department of Child Neurology (D.R.B.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Educational Psychology (D.R.B.), University of Zambia, Lusaka; Department of Neurology (A.L.B., F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Neurology (G.L.B., M.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; University of Zambia School of Medicine (G.L.B., M.K., O.K.S.), Lusaka; SEARCH (P.C.), Institute of HIV Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand; University Teaching Hospital (L.C.C., D.R.S.), Lusaka, Zambia; Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río (I.E.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (A.F.), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (A.F.), Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology (A.K.), B.J. Government Medical College, Pune, India; Department of Neurology (F.J.M., A.A.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Internal Medicine (A.A.M.), Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda; Department of Neurology (C.B.O.C.), Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale; Department of Medicine (A.O.), College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Child Neurology (A.A.P.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Department of Neurology (M.R.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (O.K.S.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Internal Medicine (S.A.T.), Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.T.T.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Neurology (N.V.), Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Neurology (J.Z.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.

Agnes Fleury (A)

From the Department of Neurology (N.S., A.-C.L.M., D.R.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Department of Health Professions Education (V.K.), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (P.A., A.C.-A.), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, MA; Department of Child Neurology (D.R.B.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Educational Psychology (D.R.B.), University of Zambia, Lusaka; Department of Neurology (A.L.B., F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Neurology (G.L.B., M.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; University of Zambia School of Medicine (G.L.B., M.K., O.K.S.), Lusaka; SEARCH (P.C.), Institute of HIV Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand; University Teaching Hospital (L.C.C., D.R.S.), Lusaka, Zambia; Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río (I.E.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (A.F.), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (A.F.), Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology (A.K.), B.J. Government Medical College, Pune, India; Department of Neurology (F.J.M., A.A.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Internal Medicine (A.A.M.), Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda; Department of Neurology (C.B.O.C.), Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale; Department of Medicine (A.O.), College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Child Neurology (A.A.P.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Department of Neurology (M.R.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (O.K.S.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Internal Medicine (S.A.T.), Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.T.T.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Neurology (N.V.), Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Neurology (J.Z.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.

Aarti Kinikar (A)

From the Department of Neurology (N.S., A.-C.L.M., D.R.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Department of Health Professions Education (V.K.), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (P.A., A.C.-A.), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, MA; Department of Child Neurology (D.R.B.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Educational Psychology (D.R.B.), University of Zambia, Lusaka; Department of Neurology (A.L.B., F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Neurology (G.L.B., M.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; University of Zambia School of Medicine (G.L.B., M.K., O.K.S.), Lusaka; SEARCH (P.C.), Institute of HIV Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand; University Teaching Hospital (L.C.C., D.R.S.), Lusaka, Zambia; Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río (I.E.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (A.F.), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (A.F.), Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology (A.K.), B.J. Government Medical College, Pune, India; Department of Neurology (F.J.M., A.A.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Internal Medicine (A.A.M.), Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda; Department of Neurology (C.B.O.C.), Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale; Department of Medicine (A.O.), College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Child Neurology (A.A.P.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Department of Neurology (M.R.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (O.K.S.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Internal Medicine (S.A.T.), Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.T.T.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Neurology (N.V.), Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Neurology (J.Z.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.

Michelle Kvalsund (M)

From the Department of Neurology (N.S., A.-C.L.M., D.R.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Department of Health Professions Education (V.K.), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (P.A., A.C.-A.), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, MA; Department of Child Neurology (D.R.B.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Educational Psychology (D.R.B.), University of Zambia, Lusaka; Department of Neurology (A.L.B., F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Neurology (G.L.B., M.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; University of Zambia School of Medicine (G.L.B., M.K., O.K.S.), Lusaka; SEARCH (P.C.), Institute of HIV Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand; University Teaching Hospital (L.C.C., D.R.S.), Lusaka, Zambia; Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río (I.E.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (A.F.), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (A.F.), Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology (A.K.), B.J. Government Medical College, Pune, India; Department of Neurology (F.J.M., A.A.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Internal Medicine (A.A.M.), Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda; Department of Neurology (C.B.O.C.), Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale; Department of Medicine (A.O.), College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Child Neurology (A.A.P.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Department of Neurology (M.R.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (O.K.S.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Internal Medicine (S.A.T.), Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.T.T.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Neurology (N.V.), Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Neurology (J.Z.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.

Farrah J Mateen (FJ)

From the Department of Neurology (N.S., A.-C.L.M., D.R.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Department of Health Professions Education (V.K.), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (P.A., A.C.-A.), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, MA; Department of Child Neurology (D.R.B.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Educational Psychology (D.R.B.), University of Zambia, Lusaka; Department of Neurology (A.L.B., F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Neurology (G.L.B., M.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; University of Zambia School of Medicine (G.L.B., M.K., O.K.S.), Lusaka; SEARCH (P.C.), Institute of HIV Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand; University Teaching Hospital (L.C.C., D.R.S.), Lusaka, Zambia; Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río (I.E.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (A.F.), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (A.F.), Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology (A.K.), B.J. Government Medical College, Pune, India; Department of Neurology (F.J.M., A.A.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Internal Medicine (A.A.M.), Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda; Department of Neurology (C.B.O.C.), Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale; Department of Medicine (A.O.), College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Child Neurology (A.A.P.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Department of Neurology (M.R.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (O.K.S.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Internal Medicine (S.A.T.), Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.T.T.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Neurology (N.V.), Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Neurology (J.Z.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.
ORCID: 0000-0002-4293-8115

Amir A Mbonde (AA)

From the Department of Neurology (N.S., A.-C.L.M., D.R.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Department of Health Professions Education (V.K.), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (P.A., A.C.-A.), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, MA; Department of Child Neurology (D.R.B.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Educational Psychology (D.R.B.), University of Zambia, Lusaka; Department of Neurology (A.L.B., F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Neurology (G.L.B., M.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; University of Zambia School of Medicine (G.L.B., M.K., O.K.S.), Lusaka; SEARCH (P.C.), Institute of HIV Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand; University Teaching Hospital (L.C.C., D.R.S.), Lusaka, Zambia; Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río (I.E.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (A.F.), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (A.F.), Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology (A.K.), B.J. Government Medical College, Pune, India; Department of Neurology (F.J.M., A.A.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Internal Medicine (A.A.M.), Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda; Department of Neurology (C.B.O.C.), Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale; Department of Medicine (A.O.), College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Child Neurology (A.A.P.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Department of Neurology (M.R.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (O.K.S.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Internal Medicine (S.A.T.), Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.T.T.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Neurology (N.V.), Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Neurology (J.Z.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.

Ana-Claire L Meyer (AL)

From the Department of Neurology (N.S., A.-C.L.M., D.R.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Department of Health Professions Education (V.K.), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (P.A., A.C.-A.), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, MA; Department of Child Neurology (D.R.B.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Educational Psychology (D.R.B.), University of Zambia, Lusaka; Department of Neurology (A.L.B., F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Neurology (G.L.B., M.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; University of Zambia School of Medicine (G.L.B., M.K., O.K.S.), Lusaka; SEARCH (P.C.), Institute of HIV Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand; University Teaching Hospital (L.C.C., D.R.S.), Lusaka, Zambia; Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río (I.E.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (A.F.), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (A.F.), Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology (A.K.), B.J. Government Medical College, Pune, India; Department of Neurology (F.J.M., A.A.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Internal Medicine (A.A.M.), Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda; Department of Neurology (C.B.O.C.), Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale; Department of Medicine (A.O.), College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Child Neurology (A.A.P.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Department of Neurology (M.R.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (O.K.S.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Internal Medicine (S.A.T.), Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.T.T.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Neurology (N.V.), Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Neurology (J.Z.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.

Cumara B O'Carroll (CB)

From the Department of Neurology (N.S., A.-C.L.M., D.R.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Department of Health Professions Education (V.K.), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (P.A., A.C.-A.), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, MA; Department of Child Neurology (D.R.B.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Educational Psychology (D.R.B.), University of Zambia, Lusaka; Department of Neurology (A.L.B., F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Neurology (G.L.B., M.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; University of Zambia School of Medicine (G.L.B., M.K., O.K.S.), Lusaka; SEARCH (P.C.), Institute of HIV Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand; University Teaching Hospital (L.C.C., D.R.S.), Lusaka, Zambia; Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río (I.E.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (A.F.), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (A.F.), Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology (A.K.), B.J. Government Medical College, Pune, India; Department of Neurology (F.J.M., A.A.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Internal Medicine (A.A.M.), Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda; Department of Neurology (C.B.O.C.), Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale; Department of Medicine (A.O.), College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Child Neurology (A.A.P.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Department of Neurology (M.R.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (O.K.S.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Internal Medicine (S.A.T.), Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.T.T.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Neurology (N.V.), Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Neurology (J.Z.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.

Adesola Ogunniyi (A)

From the Department of Neurology (N.S., A.-C.L.M., D.R.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Department of Health Professions Education (V.K.), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (P.A., A.C.-A.), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, MA; Department of Child Neurology (D.R.B.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Educational Psychology (D.R.B.), University of Zambia, Lusaka; Department of Neurology (A.L.B., F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Neurology (G.L.B., M.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; University of Zambia School of Medicine (G.L.B., M.K., O.K.S.), Lusaka; SEARCH (P.C.), Institute of HIV Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand; University Teaching Hospital (L.C.C., D.R.S.), Lusaka, Zambia; Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río (I.E.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (A.F.), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (A.F.), Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology (A.K.), B.J. Government Medical College, Pune, India; Department of Neurology (F.J.M., A.A.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Internal Medicine (A.A.M.), Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda; Department of Neurology (C.B.O.C.), Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale; Department of Medicine (A.O.), College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Child Neurology (A.A.P.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Department of Neurology (M.R.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (O.K.S.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Internal Medicine (S.A.T.), Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.T.T.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Neurology (N.V.), Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Neurology (J.Z.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.

Archana A Patel (AA)

From the Department of Neurology (N.S., A.-C.L.M., D.R.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Department of Health Professions Education (V.K.), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (P.A., A.C.-A.), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, MA; Department of Child Neurology (D.R.B.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Educational Psychology (D.R.B.), University of Zambia, Lusaka; Department of Neurology (A.L.B., F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Neurology (G.L.B., M.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; University of Zambia School of Medicine (G.L.B., M.K., O.K.S.), Lusaka; SEARCH (P.C.), Institute of HIV Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand; University Teaching Hospital (L.C.C., D.R.S.), Lusaka, Zambia; Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río (I.E.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (A.F.), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (A.F.), Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology (A.K.), B.J. Government Medical College, Pune, India; Department of Neurology (F.J.M., A.A.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Internal Medicine (A.A.M.), Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda; Department of Neurology (C.B.O.C.), Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale; Department of Medicine (A.O.), College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Child Neurology (A.A.P.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Department of Neurology (M.R.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (O.K.S.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Internal Medicine (S.A.T.), Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.T.T.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Neurology (N.V.), Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Neurology (J.Z.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.

Michael Rubenstein (M)

From the Department of Neurology (N.S., A.-C.L.M., D.R.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Department of Health Professions Education (V.K.), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (P.A., A.C.-A.), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, MA; Department of Child Neurology (D.R.B.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Educational Psychology (D.R.B.), University of Zambia, Lusaka; Department of Neurology (A.L.B., F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Neurology (G.L.B., M.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; University of Zambia School of Medicine (G.L.B., M.K., O.K.S.), Lusaka; SEARCH (P.C.), Institute of HIV Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand; University Teaching Hospital (L.C.C., D.R.S.), Lusaka, Zambia; Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río (I.E.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (A.F.), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (A.F.), Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology (A.K.), B.J. Government Medical College, Pune, India; Department of Neurology (F.J.M., A.A.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Internal Medicine (A.A.M.), Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda; Department of Neurology (C.B.O.C.), Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale; Department of Medicine (A.O.), College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Child Neurology (A.A.P.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Department of Neurology (M.R.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (O.K.S.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Internal Medicine (S.A.T.), Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.T.T.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Neurology (N.V.), Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Neurology (J.Z.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.

Omar K Siddiqi (OK)

From the Department of Neurology (N.S., A.-C.L.M., D.R.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Department of Health Professions Education (V.K.), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (P.A., A.C.-A.), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, MA; Department of Child Neurology (D.R.B.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Educational Psychology (D.R.B.), University of Zambia, Lusaka; Department of Neurology (A.L.B., F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Neurology (G.L.B., M.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; University of Zambia School of Medicine (G.L.B., M.K., O.K.S.), Lusaka; SEARCH (P.C.), Institute of HIV Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand; University Teaching Hospital (L.C.C., D.R.S.), Lusaka, Zambia; Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río (I.E.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (A.F.), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (A.F.), Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology (A.K.), B.J. Government Medical College, Pune, India; Department of Neurology (F.J.M., A.A.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Internal Medicine (A.A.M.), Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda; Department of Neurology (C.B.O.C.), Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale; Department of Medicine (A.O.), College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Child Neurology (A.A.P.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Department of Neurology (M.R.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (O.K.S.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Internal Medicine (S.A.T.), Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.T.T.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Neurology (N.V.), Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Neurology (J.Z.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.

Serena Spudich (S)

From the Department of Neurology (N.S., A.-C.L.M., D.R.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Department of Health Professions Education (V.K.), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (P.A., A.C.-A.), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, MA; Department of Child Neurology (D.R.B.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Educational Psychology (D.R.B.), University of Zambia, Lusaka; Department of Neurology (A.L.B., F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Neurology (G.L.B., M.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; University of Zambia School of Medicine (G.L.B., M.K., O.K.S.), Lusaka; SEARCH (P.C.), Institute of HIV Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand; University Teaching Hospital (L.C.C., D.R.S.), Lusaka, Zambia; Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río (I.E.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (A.F.), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (A.F.), Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology (A.K.), B.J. Government Medical College, Pune, India; Department of Neurology (F.J.M., A.A.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Internal Medicine (A.A.M.), Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda; Department of Neurology (C.B.O.C.), Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale; Department of Medicine (A.O.), College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Child Neurology (A.A.P.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Department of Neurology (M.R.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (O.K.S.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Internal Medicine (S.A.T.), Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.T.T.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Neurology (N.V.), Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Neurology (J.Z.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.

Sean A Tackett (SA)

From the Department of Neurology (N.S., A.-C.L.M., D.R.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Department of Health Professions Education (V.K.), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (P.A., A.C.-A.), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, MA; Department of Child Neurology (D.R.B.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Educational Psychology (D.R.B.), University of Zambia, Lusaka; Department of Neurology (A.L.B., F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Neurology (G.L.B., M.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; University of Zambia School of Medicine (G.L.B., M.K., O.K.S.), Lusaka; SEARCH (P.C.), Institute of HIV Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand; University Teaching Hospital (L.C.C., D.R.S.), Lusaka, Zambia; Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río (I.E.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (A.F.), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (A.F.), Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology (A.K.), B.J. Government Medical College, Pune, India; Department of Neurology (F.J.M., A.A.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Internal Medicine (A.A.M.), Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda; Department of Neurology (C.B.O.C.), Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale; Department of Medicine (A.O.), College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Child Neurology (A.A.P.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Department of Neurology (M.R.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (O.K.S.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Internal Medicine (S.A.T.), Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.T.T.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Neurology (N.V.), Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Neurology (J.Z.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.
ORCID: 0000-0001-5369-7225

Kiran T Thakur (KT)

From the Department of Neurology (N.S., A.-C.L.M., D.R.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Department of Health Professions Education (V.K.), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (P.A., A.C.-A.), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, MA; Department of Child Neurology (D.R.B.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Educational Psychology (D.R.B.), University of Zambia, Lusaka; Department of Neurology (A.L.B., F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Neurology (G.L.B., M.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; University of Zambia School of Medicine (G.L.B., M.K., O.K.S.), Lusaka; SEARCH (P.C.), Institute of HIV Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand; University Teaching Hospital (L.C.C., D.R.S.), Lusaka, Zambia; Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río (I.E.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (A.F.), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (A.F.), Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology (A.K.), B.J. Government Medical College, Pune, India; Department of Neurology (F.J.M., A.A.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Internal Medicine (A.A.M.), Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda; Department of Neurology (C.B.O.C.), Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale; Department of Medicine (A.O.), College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Child Neurology (A.A.P.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Department of Neurology (M.R.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (O.K.S.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Internal Medicine (S.A.T.), Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.T.T.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Neurology (N.V.), Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Neurology (J.Z.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.

Nirali Vora (N)

From the Department of Neurology (N.S., A.-C.L.M., D.R.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Department of Health Professions Education (V.K.), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (P.A., A.C.-A.), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, MA; Department of Child Neurology (D.R.B.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Educational Psychology (D.R.B.), University of Zambia, Lusaka; Department of Neurology (A.L.B., F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Neurology (G.L.B., M.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; University of Zambia School of Medicine (G.L.B., M.K., O.K.S.), Lusaka; SEARCH (P.C.), Institute of HIV Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand; University Teaching Hospital (L.C.C., D.R.S.), Lusaka, Zambia; Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río (I.E.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (A.F.), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (A.F.), Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology (A.K.), B.J. Government Medical College, Pune, India; Department of Neurology (F.J.M., A.A.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Internal Medicine (A.A.M.), Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda; Department of Neurology (C.B.O.C.), Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale; Department of Medicine (A.O.), College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Child Neurology (A.A.P.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Department of Neurology (M.R.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (O.K.S.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Internal Medicine (S.A.T.), Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.T.T.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Neurology (N.V.), Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Neurology (J.Z.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.

Joseph Zunt (J)

From the Department of Neurology (N.S., A.-C.L.M., D.R.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Department of Health Professions Education (V.K.), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (P.A., A.C.-A.), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, MA; Department of Child Neurology (D.R.B.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Educational Psychology (D.R.B.), University of Zambia, Lusaka; Department of Neurology (A.L.B., F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Neurology (G.L.B., M.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; University of Zambia School of Medicine (G.L.B., M.K., O.K.S.), Lusaka; SEARCH (P.C.), Institute of HIV Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand; University Teaching Hospital (L.C.C., D.R.S.), Lusaka, Zambia; Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río (I.E.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (A.F.), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (A.F.), Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology (A.K.), B.J. Government Medical College, Pune, India; Department of Neurology (F.J.M., A.A.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Internal Medicine (A.A.M.), Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda; Department of Neurology (C.B.O.C.), Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale; Department of Medicine (A.O.), College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Child Neurology (A.A.P.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Department of Neurology (M.R.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (O.K.S.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Internal Medicine (S.A.T.), Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.T.T.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Neurology (N.V.), Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Neurology (J.Z.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.

Deanna R Saylor (DR)

From the Department of Neurology (N.S., A.-C.L.M., D.R.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Department of Health Professions Education (V.K.), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (P.A., A.C.-A.), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, MA; Department of Child Neurology (D.R.B.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Educational Psychology (D.R.B.), University of Zambia, Lusaka; Department of Neurology (A.L.B., F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Neurology (G.L.B., M.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; University of Zambia School of Medicine (G.L.B., M.K., O.K.S.), Lusaka; SEARCH (P.C.), Institute of HIV Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand; University Teaching Hospital (L.C.C., D.R.S.), Lusaka, Zambia; Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río (I.E.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (A.F.), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (A.F.), Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology (A.K.), B.J. Government Medical College, Pune, India; Department of Neurology (F.J.M., A.A.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Internal Medicine (A.A.M.), Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda; Department of Neurology (C.B.O.C.), Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale; Department of Medicine (A.O.), College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Child Neurology (A.A.P.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Department of Neurology (M.R.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (O.K.S.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Internal Medicine (S.A.T.), Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.T.T.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Neurology (N.V.), Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Neurology (J.Z.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle. deanna@jhmi.edu.
ORCID: 0000-0002-9297-0244

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Classifications MeSH

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