Not So Dead Genes-Retrocopies as Regulators of Their Disease-Related Progenitors and Hosts.
disease
host gene
lncRNA
parental gene
regulation
retrocopies
retroposition
Journal
Cells
ISSN: 2073-4409
Titre abrégé: Cells
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101600052
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
15 04 2021
15 04 2021
Historique:
received:
07
03
2021
revised:
30
03
2021
accepted:
13
04
2021
entrez:
30
4
2021
pubmed:
1
5
2021
medline:
21
10
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Retroposition is RNA-based gene duplication leading to the creation of single exon nonfunctional copies. Nevertheless, over time, many of these duplicates acquire transcriptional capabilities. In human in most cases, these so-called retrogenes do not code for proteins but function as regulatory long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). The mechanisms by which they can regulate other genes include microRNA sponging, modulation of alternative splicing, epigenetic regulation and competition for stabilizing factors, among others. Here, we summarize recent findings related to lncRNAs originating from retrocopies that are involved in human diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative, mental or cardiovascular disorders. Special attention is given to retrocopies that regulate their progenitors or host genes. Presented evidence from the literature and our bioinformatics analyses demonstrates that these retrocopies, often described as unimportant pseudogenes, are significant players in the cell's molecular machinery.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33921034
pii: cells10040912
doi: 10.3390/cells10040912
pmc: PMC8071448
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
RNA, Long Noncoding
0
Retroelements
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Subventions
Organisme : Narodowe Centrum Nauki
ID : 2017/27/N/NZ2/00174
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