Controlled release of doxorubicin from Poly-(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles prepared by coaxial electrospraying.

Enhancing the efficacy and reducing the toxicity of chemotherapeutic agents like doxorubicin (DOX) is crucial in cancer treatment. Core-shell nanoparticles (NPs) fabricated by coaxial electrospraying offer controlled release of anticancer agents with the polymer shell protecting drug molecules from rapid degradation, prolonging therapeutic effect. This study developed DOX-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) NPs. NPs were fabricated with matrix or core-shell structure via single needle or coaxial electrospraying, respectively. Core-shell NPs exhibited high encapsulation efficiency (>80 %) with controlled DOX distribution. Compared to matrix NPs, core-shell NPs demonstrated slower sustained release (69 % in 144 h) after reduced initial burst (22 % in 8 h). Release kinetics followed a diffusion mechanism when compared to free drug and matrix DOX-loaded NPs. In vitro assays showed core-shell NPs' enhanced cytotoxicity against breast cancer cells MCF-7, with higher uptake observed by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. The IC

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Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: [Professor Duncan Craig is in the editorial board of IJP. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper].