Detection of Leishmania RNA Virus 2 (LRV2) among Clinical Isolates of Leishmania Major in Four Endemic Regions of Iran.
Leishmania Major
Leishmania RNA Virus
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
Iran
ZCL
Journal
Acta parasitologica
ISSN: 1896-1851
Titre abrégé: Acta Parasitol
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 9301947
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
27 Aug 2024
27 Aug 2024
Historique:
received:
25
02
2024
accepted:
13
08
2024
medline:
27
8
2024
pubmed:
27
8
2024
entrez:
27
8
2024
Statut:
aheadofprint
Résumé
Leishmania RNA viruses (LRV) are double-stranded RNA viruses (dsRNA viruses) that play a role in the pathogenesis of Leishmania parasites. Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is endemic in various parts of Iran. Our aimed was to investigate presence of LRV among the Leishmania major isolates in four endemic regions of Iran. In a cross-sectional study, we assessed the presence of LRV1 and LRV2 in 181 clinical isolates of L. major from four endemic cities in Iran using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). After RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis, RT-PCR tests were conducted with LRV1 and LRV2 specific primers. Human beta-actin and kmp genes served as internal and external controls, respectively, and the Allele ID software was used to optimize melting curves. LRV2 was detected in 27.6% (50 out of 181) of L. major isolates, while no LRV1 was found. We did not observe a statistically significant difference in the presence of LRV2 based on age group, number, or location of lesions. This study confirms the presence of LRV2 in clinical isolates of L. major from endemic regions of Iran. Further researches with larger sample sizes is recommended to explore the association between LRV and clinical symptoms as well as treatment response.
Identifiants
pubmed: 39190281
doi: 10.1007/s11686-024-00915-x
pii: 10.1007/s11686-024-00915-x
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Subventions
Organisme : National Institute for Medical Research Development
ID : 978507
Organisme : Jahrom University of Medical Sciences
ID : 99000159
Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
Références
Murray HW, Berman JD, Davies CR, Saravia NG (2005) Advances in leishmaniasis. Lancet 366(9496):1561–1577
doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67629-5
pubmed: 16257344
Reithinger R, Dujardin JC, Louzir H, Pirmez C, Alexander B, Brooker S (2007) Cutaneous leishmaniasis. Lancet Infect Dis 7(9):581–596 Epub 2007/08/24. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(07
doi: 10.1016/s1473-3099(07
pubmed: 17714672
Abdoli A, Leishmaniasis (2019) Lancet 393(10174):872. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)33044-7
doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)33044-7
pubmed: 30837141
Yurchenko V, Chistyakov DS, Akhmadishina LV, Lukashev AN, Sádlová J, Strelkova MV (2023) Revisiting epidemiology of leishmaniasis in central Asia: lessons learnt. Parasitology 150(2):129–136 Epub 2022/12/02. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0031182022001640
doi: 10.1017/s0031182022001640
pubmed: 36453145
Alvar J, Vélez ID, Bern C, Herrero M, Desjeux P, Cano J et al (2012) Leishmaniasis Worldwide and Global estimates of its incidence. PLoS ONE 7(5):e35671. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0035671
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0035671
pubmed: 22693548
pmcid: 3365071
Piroozi B, Moradi G, Alinia C, Mohamadi P, Gouya MM, Nabavi M et al (2019) Incidence, burden, and trend of cutaneous leishmaniasis over four decades in Iran. Iran J Public Health 48(Supple 1):28–35
Firooz A, Mortazavi H, Khamesipour A, Ghiasi M, Abedini R, Balighi K et al (2019) Old world cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran: clinical variants and treatments. J Dermatol Treat 32(7):673–683. https://doi.org/10.1080/09546634.2019.1704214
doi: 10.1080/09546634.2019.1704214
Sabzevari S, Teshnizi SH, Shokri A, Bahrami F, Kouhestani F (2021) Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Microb Pathog 152:104721. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104721
doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104721
pubmed: 33539962
Hajjaran H, Saberi R, Borjian A, Fakhar M, Hosseini SA, Ghodrati S et al (2021) The geographical distribution of human cutaneous and visceral Leishmania species identified by molecular methods in Iran: a systematic review with Meta-analysis. Front Public Health 9:661674. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.661674
doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.661674
pubmed: 34249836
pmcid: 8267797
Abdoli A, Mazaherifar S, Solhjoo K, Zargar MF, Jahromi HP, Taghipour A et al (2024) Effect of Rodent Control Program on incidence of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis, Iran. Emerg Infect Dis 30(7):1447–1449 Epub 2024/06/25. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3007.231404
doi: 10.3201/eid3007.231404
pubmed: 38916636
pmcid: 11210642
Ives A, Ronet C, Prevel F, Ruzzante G, Fuertes-Marraco S, Schutz F et al (2011) Leishmania RNA virus controls the severity of Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis. Science 331(6018):775–778. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1199326
doi: 10.1126/science.1199326
pubmed: 21311023
pmcid: 3253482
Stuart KD, Weeks R, Guilbride L, Myler PJ (1992) Molecular organization of Leishmania RNA virus 1. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89(18):8596–8600. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.89.18.8596
doi: 10.1073/pnas.89.18.8596
pubmed: 1382295
pmcid: 49967
Hartley M-A, Ronet C, Zangger H, Beverley S, Fasel N (2012) Leishmania RNA virus: when the host pays the toll. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2012.00099
Bourreau E, Ginouves M, Prévot G, Hartley M-A, Gangneux J-P, Robert-Gangneux F et al (2016) Presence of Leishmania RNA virus 1 in Leishmania Guyanensis increases the risk of first-line treatment failure and symptomatic relapse. J Infect Dis 213(1):105–111. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiv355
doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiv355
pubmed: 26123564
Saberi R, Fakhar M, Mohebali M, Anvari D, Gholami S (2019) Global status of synchronizing Leishmania RNA virus in Leishmania parasites: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Transbound Emerg Dis 66(6):2244–2251. https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.13316
doi: 10.1111/tbed.13316
pubmed: 31376334
Shita EY, Semegn EN, Wubetu GY, Abitew AM, Andualem BG, Alemneh MG (2022) Prevalence of Leishmania RNA virus in Leishmania parasites in patients with tegumentary leishmaniasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 16(6):e0010427. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010427
doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010427
pubmed: 35675332
pmcid: 9236231
Kostygov AY, Grybchuk D, Kleschenko Y, Chistyakov DS, Lukashev AN, Gerasimov ES et al (2021) Analyses of Leishmania-LRV co-phylogenetic patterns and evolutionary variability of viral proteins. Viruses [Internet]; 13(11)
Rêgo FD, da Silva ES, Lopes VV, Teixeira-Neto RG, Belo VS, Fonseca Júnior AA et al (2023) First report of putative Leishmania RNA virus 2 (LRV2) in Leishmania infantum strains from canine and human visceral leishmaniasis cases in the southeast of Brazil. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 118:e230071
Hajjaran H, Mahdi M, Mohebali M, Samimi-Rad K, Ataei-Pirkooh A, Kazemi-Rad E et al (2016) Detection and molecular identification of Leishmania RNA virus (LRV) in Iranian Leishmania species. Arch Virol 161(12):3385–3390. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-016-3044-z
doi: 10.1007/s00705-016-3044-z
pubmed: 27604119
Farrokhi-Karibozorg M, Ghayour-Najafabadi Z, Hejazi SH, Ataei-Pirkooh A, Mohebali M, Teimouri P et al (2022) Molecular identification of Leishmania RNA virus in cutaneous leishmaniasis patients and rodent reservoirs in Isfahan province, Iran. Infect Genet Evol 98:105222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2022.105222
doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2022.105222
pubmed: 35066166
Zolfaghari A, Beheshti-Maal K, Ahadi AM, Monajemi R (2023) Identification of Leishmania species and frequency distribution of LRV1 and LRV2 viruses on cutaneous leishmaniasis patients in Isfahan Province, Iran. Indian J Med Microbiol 41(41):13–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmmb.2022.11.008
doi: 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2022.11.008
pubmed: 36870742
Abtahi M, Eslami G, Cavallero S, Vakili M, Hosseini SS, Ahmadian S et al (2020) Relationship of Leishmania RNA virus (LRV) and treatment failure in clinical isolates of Leishmania major. BMC Res Notes 13(1):126. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-020-04973-y
doi: 10.1186/s13104-020-04973-y
pubmed: 32178715
pmcid: 7074996
Saberi R, Fakhar M, Hajjaran H, Ataei-Pirkooh A, Mohebali M, Taghipour N et al (2020) Presence and diversity of Leishmania RNA virus in an old zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis focus, northeastern Iran: haplotype and phylogenetic based approach. Int J Infect Dis 101:6–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.08.033
doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.08.033
pubmed: 32947050
Mazaherifar S, Solhjoo K, Rasti S, Heidarnejadi SM, Abdoli A (2023) Patterns of cutaneous leishmaniasis during the COVID-19 pandemic in four endemic regions of Iran. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 117(1):38–44. https://doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/trac081
doi: 10.1093/trstmh/trac081
pubmed: 36068660
Mazaherifar S, Solhjoo K, Abdoli A (2022) Outbreak of cutaneous leishmaniasis before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Jahrom, an endemic region in the southwest of Iran. Emerg Microb Infect 11(1):2218–2221. https://doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2022.2117099
doi: 10.1080/22221751.2022.2117099
de Carvalho RVH, Lima-Junior DS, da Silva MVG, Dilucca M, Rodrigues TS, Horta CV et al (2019) Leishmania RNA virus exacerbates Leishmaniasis by subverting innate immunity via TLR3-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition. Nat Commun 10(1):5273. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-13356-2
doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-13356-2
pubmed: 31754185
pmcid: 6872735
de Almeida Marcos E, Koru O, Steurer F, Herwaldt Barbara L, da Silva Alexandre J, Loeffelholz Michael J (2017) Detection and differentiation of Leishmania spp. in clinical specimens by Use of a SYBR Green-based real-time PCR assay. J Clin Microbiol 55(1):281–290. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01764-16
doi: 10.1128/JCM.01764-16
pubmed: 27847378
Kuhlmann FM, Robinson JI, Bluemling GR, Ronet C, Fasel N, Beverley SM (2017) Antiviral screening identifies adenosine analogs targeting the endogenous dsRNA Leishmania RNA virus 1 (LRV1) pathogenicity factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 114(5):E811–E819. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1619114114
doi: 10.1073/pnas.1619114114
pubmed: 28096399
pmcid: 5293060
Apte A, Singh S (2007) AlleleID. In: Yuryev A (ed) PCR primer design. Humana, Totowa, NJ, pp 329–345
doi: 10.1007/978-1-59745-528-2_17
Nalçacı M, Karakuş M, Yılmaz B, Demir S, Özbilgin A, Özbel Y et al (2019) Detection of Leishmania RNA virus 2 in Leishmania species from Turkey. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 113(7):410–417. https://doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/trz023
doi: 10.1093/trstmh/trz023
pubmed: 31034027
Cantanhêde LM, da Silva Júnior CF, Ito MM, Felipin KP, Nicolete R, Salcedo JMV et al (2015) Further evidence of an association between the Presence of Leishmania RNA virus 1 and the mucosal manifestations in Tegumentary Leishmaniasis patients. PLOS Negl Trop Dis 9(9):e0004079. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004079
doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004079
pubmed: 26372217
pmcid: 4570810
Saberi R, Fakhar M, Hajjaran H, Abbaszadeh Afshar MJ, Mohebali M, Hezarjaribi HZ et al (2022) Leishmania RNA virus 2 (LRV2) exacerbates dermal lesions caused by Leishmania major and comparatively unresponsive to meglumine antimoniate treatment. Exp Parasitol 241:108340. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exppara.2022.108340
doi: 10.1016/j.exppara.2022.108340
pubmed: 35932908
Atayde VD, da Silva Lira Filho A, Chaparro V, Zimmermann A, Martel C, Jaramillo M et al (2019) Exploitation of the Leishmania exosomal pathway by Leishmania RNA virus 1. Nat Microbiol 4(4):714–723. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-018-0352-y
doi: 10.1038/s41564-018-0352-y
pubmed: 30692670
Olivier M, Zamboni DS (2020) Leishmania Viannia guyanensis, LRV1 virus and extracellular vesicles: a dangerous trio influencing the faith of immune response during muco-cutaneous leishmaniasis. Curr Opin Immunol 66:108–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coi.2020.08.004
doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2020.08.004
pubmed: 32877837
Saura A, Zakharova A, Klocek D, Gerasimov Evgeny S, Butenko A, Macedo Diego H et al (2022) Elimination of LRVs elicits different responses in Leishmania spp. mSphere 7(4):e00335–e00322. https://doi.org/10.1128/msphere.00335-22
doi: 10.1128/msphere.00335-22
pubmed: 35943162
pmcid: 9429963
Rahmanipour M, Mohebali M, Koosha M, Kazemirad E, Yasami-Khiabani S, Mirjalali H et al (2023) Effect of Leishmania RNA virus 2 on virulence factors and cytokines gene expression in a human macrophage infected with Leishmania major: a preliminary study. Exp Parasitol 246:108459. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exppara.2022.108459
doi: 10.1016/j.exppara.2022.108459
pubmed: 36596336