Prevalence and factors associated with masked hypertension in chronic kidney disease.
Journal
Journal of hypertension
ISSN: 1473-5598
Titre abrégé: J Hypertens
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 8306882
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
12 Feb 2024
12 Feb 2024
Historique:
medline:
22
4
2024
pubmed:
22
4
2024
entrez:
22
4
2024
Statut:
aheadofprint
Résumé
Optimal blood pressure (BP) control is key to prevent cardiovascular complications in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). We described the prevalence and factors associated with masked hypertension in CKD. We analyzed 1113 ambulatory 24-h BP monitoring (ABPM) records of 632 patients referred for kidney function evaluation. Masked hypertension was defined as office BP less than 140/90 mmHg but daytime BP at least 135/85 mmHg or nighttime BP at least 120/70 mmHg. Factors associated with masked hypertension were assessed with mixed logistic regression models. At inclusion, 424 patients (67%) had controlled office BP, of whom 56% had masked hypertension. In multivariable analysis conducted in all visits with controlled office BP (n = 782), masked hypertension was positively associated with male sex [adjusted OR (95% confidence interval) 1.91 (1.16-3.27)], sub-Saharan African origin [2.51 (1.32-4.63)], BMI [1.11 (1.01-1.17) per 1 kg/m2], and albuminuria [1.29 [1.12 - 1.47] per 1 log), and was negatively associated with plasma potassium (0.42 [0.29 - 0.71] per 1 mmol/L) and 24-h urinary potassium excretion (0.91 [0.82 - 0.99] per 10 mmol/24 h) as well as the use of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAAS) blockers (0.56 [0.31 - 0.97]) and diuretics (0.41 [0.27 - 0.72]). Our findings support the routine use of ABPM in CKD, as more than half of the patients with controlled office BP had masked hypertension. Weight control, higher potassium intake (with caution in advanced CKD), correction of hypokalemia, and larger use of diuretics and RAAS blockers could be potential levers for better out-of-office BP control.
Identifiants
pubmed: 38647162
doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000003680
pii: 00004872-990000000-00410
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Références
GBD 2017 Causes of Death Collaborators Global, regional, and national age-sex-specific mortality for 282 causes of death in 195 countries and territories, 1980-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet Lond Engl 2018; 392:1736–1788.
Muntner P, Anderson A, Charleston J, Chen Z, Ford V, Makos G, et al. Hypertension awareness, treatment, and control in adults with CKD: results from the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study. Am J Kidney Dis 2010; 55:441–451.
Ku E, Lee BJ, Wei J, Weir MR. Hypertension in CKD: Core Curriculum 2019. Am J Kidney Dis 2019; 74:120–131.
Williams B, Mancia G, Spiering W, Agabiti Rosei E, Azizi M, Burnier M, et al. 2018 ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension. Eur Heart J 2018; 39:3021–3104.
Drawz PE, Alper AB, Anderson AH, Brecklin CS, Charleston J, Chen J, et al. Masked hypertension and elevated nighttime blood pressure in CKD: prevalence and association with target organ damage. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2016; 11:642–652.
Drawz PE, Brown R, De Nicola L, Fujii N, Gabbai FB, Gassman J, et al. Variations in 24-hour BP profiles in cohorts of patients with kidney disease around the world. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2018; 13:1348–1357.
Gorostidi M, Sarafidis PA, de la Sierra A, Segura J, de la Cruz JJ, Banegas JR, et al. Differences between office and 24-h blood pressure control in hypertensive patients with CKD: a 5,693-patient cross-sectional analysis from Spain. Am J Kidney Dis 2013; 62:285–294.
Bangash F, Agarwal R. Masked hypertension and white-coat hypertension in chronic kidney disease: a meta-analysis. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2009; 4:656–664.
Babu M, Drawz P. Masked hypertension in CKD: increased prevalence and risk for cardiovascular and renal events. Curr Cardiol Rep 2019; 21:58.
Bobrie G, Clerson P, Ménard J, Postel-Vinay N, Chatellier G, Plouin P-F. Masked hypertension: a systematic review. J Hypertens 2008; 26:1715–1725.
Tocci G, Presta V, Figliuzzi I, Attalla El Halabieh N, Battistoni A, Coluccia R, et al. Prevalence and clinical outcomes of white-coat and masked hypertension: analysis of a large ambulatory blood pressure database. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2018; 20:297–305.
Banegas JR, Ruilope LM, de la Sierra A, Vinyoles E, Gorostidi M, de la Cruz JJ, et al. Retraction: Banegas JR et al. Relationship between clinic and ambulatory blood-pressure measurements and mortality. N Engl J Med 2018; 378:1509–1520. N Engl J Med 2020; 382:786.
Akbay E, Çoner A, Akıncı S, Demir AR, Toktamiş A. Which is responsible for target organ damage in masked hypertension? Is it an increase in blood pressure or a disruption of the circadian rhythm? Clin Exp Hypertens N Y N 1993 2021; 43:579–585.
Mancia G, Kreutz R, Brunström M, Burnier M, Grassi G, Januszewicz A, et al. 2023 ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension The Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension: Endorsed by the International Society of Hypertension (ISH) and the European Renal Association (ERA). J Hypertens 2023; 41:1874–2071.
Delanaye P, Dubourg L, Flamant M, Yayo E, Bukabau JB, Vidal-Petiot E, et al. Comparison of early-compartment correction equations for GFR measurements. Kidney Int Rep 2020; 5:1079–1081.
Vidal-Petiot E, Metzger M, Faucon A-L, Boffa J-J, Haymann J-P, Thervet E, et al. Extracellular fluid volume is an independent determinant of uncontrolled and resistant hypertension in chronic kidney disease: a NephroTest cohort study. J Am Heart Assoc 2018; 7:e010278.
Vidal-Petiot E, Joseph A, Resche-Rigon M, Boutten A, Mullaert J, d’ Ortho M-P, et al. External validation and comparison of formulae estimating 24-h sodium intake from a fasting morning urine sample. J Hypertens 2018; 36:785–792.
Vidal-Petiot E, Courbebaisse M, Livrozet M, Corrégé G, Rusu T, Montravers F, et al. Comparison of 51Cr-EDTA and 99mTc-DTPA for glomerular filtration rate measurement. J Nephrol 2021; 34:729–737.
Faucon A-L, Flamant M, Metzger M, Boffa J-J, Haymann J-P, Houillier P, et al. Extracellular fluid volume is associated with incident end-stage kidney disease and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 2019; 96:1020–1029.
Di Daniele N, Fegatelli DA, Rovella V, Castagnola V, Gabriele M, Scuteri A. Circadian blood pressure patterns and blood pressure control in patients with chronic kidney disease. Atherosclerosis 2017; 267:139–145.
Whelton PK, Carey RM, Aronow WS, Casey DE, Collins KJ, Dennison Himmelfarb C, et al. 2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Hypertension 2018; 71:e13–e115.
Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Blood Pressure Work Group KDIGO 2021 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Blood Pressure in Chronic Kidney Disease. Kidney Int 2021; 99:S1–S87.
Ohashi Y, Otani T, Tai R, Okada T, Tanaka K, Tanaka Y, et al. Associations of proteinuria, fluid volume imbalance, and body mass index with circadian ambulatory blood pressure in chronic kidney disease patients. Kidney Blood Press Res 2012; 36:231–241.
Pogue V, Rahman M, Lipkowitz M, Toto R, Miller E, Faulkner M, et al. Disparate estimates of hypertension control from ambulatory and clinic blood pressure measurements in hypertensive kidney disease. Hypertension 2009; 53:20–27.
Sheppard JP, Fletcher B, Gill P, Martin U, Roberts N, McManus RJ. Predictors of the home-clinic blood pressure difference: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Hypertens 2016; 29:614–625.
Bankir L, Bochud M, Maillard M, Bovet P, Gabriel A, Burnier M. Nighttime blood pressure and nocturnal dipping are associated with daytime urinary sodium excretion in African subjects. Hypertension 2008; 51:891–898.
Xia J-H, Zhang D-Y, Kang Y-Y, Guo Q-H, Cheng Y-B, Huang J-F, et al. The prevalence of masked hypertension and masked uncontrolled hypertension in relation to overweight and obesity in a nationwide registry in China. Hypertens Res 2022; 45:1690–1700.
Özkan S, Ata N, Yavuz B. Increased masked hypertension prevalence in patients with obesity. Clin Exp Hypertens 2018; 40:780–783.
Landsberg L, Aronne LJ, Beilin LJ, Burke V, Igel LI, Lloyd-Jones D, et al. Obesity-related hypertension: pathogenesis, cardiovascular risk, and treatment--a position paper of the The Obesity Society and The American Society of Hypertension. Obes Silver Spring Md 2013; 21:8–24.
Burnier M. Should we eat more potassium to better control blood pressure in hypertension? Nephrol Dial Transplant 2019; 34:184–193.
Neal B, Wu Y, Feng X, Zhang R, Zhang Y, Shi J, et al. Effect of salt substitution on cardiovascular events and death. N Engl J Med 2021; 385:1067–1077.
Yeung SMH, Vogt L, Rotmans JI, Hoorn EJ, de Borst MH. Potassium: poison or panacea in chronic kidney disease? Nephrol Dial Transplant 2019; 34:175–180.
Terker AS, Zhang C, McCormick JA, Lazelle RA, Zhang C, Meermeier NP, et al. Potassium modulates electrolyte balance and blood pressure through effects on distal cell voltage and chloride. Cell Metab 2015; 21:39–50.
Ellison DH, Welling P. Insights into salt handling and blood pressure. N Engl J Med 2021; 385:1981–1993.
Cohen JB, Cohen DL, Herman DS, Leppert JT, Byrd JB, Bhalla V. Testing for primary aldosteronism and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist use among U.S. Veterans: a retrospective cohort study. Ann Intern Med 2021; 174:289–297.
Siddiqui M, Judd EK, Zhang B, Dudenbostel T, Carey RM, Oparil S, et al. Masked uncontrolled hypertension is accompanied by increased out-of-clinic aldosterone secretion. Hypertension 2021; 77:435–444.
Cohen LP, Schwartz JE, Pugliese DN, Anstey DE, Christian JP, Jou S, et al. Short-term reproducibility of masked hypertension among adults without office hypertension. Hypertension 2020; 76:1169–1175.