Impact of macronutrients intake on glycemic homeostasis of preterm infants: evidence from continuous glucose monitoring.

Continuous glucose monitoring Neonatal glucose Neonatal hyperglycemia Neonatal hypoglycemia Neonatal nutrition Preterm infants

Journal

European journal of pediatrics
ISSN: 1432-1076
Titre abrégé: Eur J Pediatr
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 7603873

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
18 Apr 2024
Historique:
received: 01 01 2024
accepted: 17 03 2024
revised: 22 02 2024
medline: 19 4 2024
pubmed: 19 4 2024
entrez: 18 4 2024
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

Nutritional intake could influence the blood glucose profile during early life of preterm infants. We investigated the impact of macronutrient intake on glycemic homeostasis using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). We analyzed macronutrient intake in infants born ≤ 32 weeks gestational age (GA) and/or with birth weight ≤ 1500 g. CGM was started within 48 h of birth and maintained for 5 days. Mild and severe hypoglycemia were defined as sensor glucose (SG) < 72 mg/dL and <47 mg/dL, respectively, while mild and severe hyperglycemia were SG > 144 mg/dL and >180 mg/dL. Data from 30 participants were included (age 29.9 weeks (29.1; 31.2), birthweight 1230.5 g (1040.0; 1458.6)). A reduced time in mild hypoglycemia was associated to higher amino acids intake (p = 0.011) while increased exposure to hyperglycemia was observed in the presence of higher lipids intake (p = 0.031). The birthweight was the strongest predictor of neonatal glucose profile with an inverse relationship between the time spent in hyperglycemia and birthweight (p = 0.007).  Conclusions: Macronutrient intakes influence neonatal glucose profile as described by continuous glucose monitoring. CGM might contribute to adjust nutritional intakes in preterm infants. What is Known: • Parenteral nutrition may affect glucose profile during the first days of life of preterm infants. What is New: • Continuous glucose monitoring describes the relationship between daily parenteral nutrient intakes and time spent in hypo and hyperglycemic ranges.

Identifiants

pubmed: 38637447
doi: 10.1007/s00431-024-05532-4
pii: 10.1007/s00431-024-05532-4
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Subventions

Organisme : Ministero della Salute
ID : GR-RF 2019-12368539

Informations de copyright

© 2024. The Author(s).

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Auteurs

Silvia Guiducci (S)

Department of Woman and Child's Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.

Giulia Res (G)

Department of Woman and Child's Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.

Luca Bonadies (L)

Department of Woman and Child's Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.

Federica Savio (F)

Department of Woman and Child's Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.

Sabrina Brigadoi (S)

Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Padua, Padua, Veneto, Italy.

Elena Priante (E)

Department of Woman and Child's Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.

Daniele Trevisanuto (D)

Department of Woman and Child's Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.

Eugenio Baraldi (E)

Department of Woman and Child's Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
Institute for Pediatric Research (IRP), Padua, Veneto, Italy.

Alfonso Galderisi (A)

Department of Woman and Child's Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy. alfonso.galderisi@unipd.it.
Institute for Pediatric Research (IRP), Padua, Veneto, Italy. alfonso.galderisi@unipd.it.
Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Endocrinology, Yale University, 333 Cedar Street, LMP3107-06520, New Haven, CT, USA. alfonso.galderisi@unipd.it.

Classifications MeSH