Natural and hybrid immunity after SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and adolescents.
Antibody
COVID-19
Children
Convalescent
Immunity
SARS-CoV-2
T cell
Vaccination
Journal
Infection
ISSN: 1439-0973
Titre abrégé: Infection
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 0365307
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
18 Mar 2024
18 Mar 2024
Historique:
received:
07
10
2023
accepted:
24
02
2024
medline:
19
3
2024
pubmed:
19
3
2024
entrez:
19
3
2024
Statut:
aheadofprint
Résumé
In contrast to adults, immune protection against SARS-CoV-2 in children and adolescents with natural or hybrid immunity is still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to analyze different immune compartments in different age groups and whether humoral immune reactions correlate with a cellular immune response. 72 children and adolescents with a preceding SARS-CoV-2 infection were recruited. 37 were vaccinated with an RNA vaccine (BNT162b2). Humoral immunity was analyzed 3-26 months (median 10 months) after infection by measuring Spike protein (S), nucleocapsid (NCP), and neutralizing antibodies (nAB). Cellular immunity was analyzed using a SARS-CoV-2-specific interferon-γ release assay (IGRA). All children and adolescents had S antibodies; titers were higher in those with hybrid immunity (14,900 BAU/ml vs. 2118 BAU/ml). NCP antibodies were detectable in > 90%. Neutralizing antibodies (nAB) were more frequently detected (90%) with higher titers (1914 RLU) in adolescents with hybrid immunity than in children with natural immunity (62.5%, 476 RLU). Children with natural immunity were less likely to have reactive IGRAs (43.8%) than adolescents with hybrid immunity (85%). The amount of interferon-γ released by T cells was comparable in natural and hybrid immunity. Spike antibodies are the most reliable markers to monitor an immune reaction against SARS-CoV-2. High antibody titers of spike antibodies and nAB correlated with cellular immunity, a phenomenon found only in adolescents with hybrid immunity. Hybrid immunity is associated with markedly higher antibody titers and a higher probability of a cellular immune response than a natural immunity.
Identifiants
pubmed: 38499828
doi: 10.1007/s15010-024-02225-w
pii: 10.1007/s15010-024-02225-w
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Subventions
Organisme : Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
ID : 01KI20173 (Corkid)
Organisme : Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
ID : 01KI20173 (Corkid)
Organisme : Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
ID : 01KX2121 (Immunebridge)
Organisme : Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
ID : 01KX2121 (Immunebridge)
Organisme : Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
ID : 01KI20173 (Corkid)
Organisme : Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
ID : 01KX2121 (Immunebridge)
Organisme : Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
ID : 01KI20173 (Corkid)
Organisme : Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
ID : 01KI20173 (Corkid)
Organisme : Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
ID : 01KI20173 (Corkid)
Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s).
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