Parasites alter food-web topology of a subarctic lake food web and its pelagic and benthic compartments.
Connectance
Food webs
Parasite ecology
Trematoda
Trophic transmission
Journal
Oecologia
ISSN: 1432-1939
Titre abrégé: Oecologia
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 0150372
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
07 Feb 2024
07 Feb 2024
Historique:
received:
13
02
2023
accepted:
10
12
2023
medline:
8
2
2024
pubmed:
8
2
2024
entrez:
7
2
2024
Statut:
aheadofprint
Résumé
We compared three sets of highly resolved food webs with and without parasites for a subarctic lake system corresponding to its pelagic and benthic compartments and the whole-lake food web. Key topological food-web metrics were calculated for each set of compartments to explore the role parasites play in food-web topology in these highly contrasting webs. After controlling for effects from differences in web size, we observed similar responses to the addition of parasites in both the pelagic and benthic compartments demonstrated by increases in trophic levels, linkage density, connectance, generality, and vulnerability despite the contrasting composition of free-living and parasitic species between the two compartments. Similar effects on food-web topology can be expected with the inclusion of parasites, regardless of the physical characteristics and taxonomic community compositions of contrasting environments. Additionally, similar increases in key topological metrics were found in the whole-lake food web that combines the pelagic and benthic webs, effects that are comparable to parasite food-web analyses from other systems. These changes in topological metrics are a result of the unique properties of parasites as infectious agents and the links they participate in. Trematodes were key contributors to these results, as these parasites have distinct characteristics in aquatic systems that introduce new link types and increase the food web's generality and vulnerability disproportionate to other parasites. Our analysis highlights the importance of incorporating parasites, especially trophically transmitted parasites, into food webs as they significantly alter key topological metrics and are thus essential for understanding an ecosystem's structure and functioning.
Identifiants
pubmed: 38326516
doi: 10.1007/s00442-023-05503-w
pii: 10.1007/s00442-023-05503-w
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Subventions
Organisme : Norwegian Research Council
ID : NFR 213610
Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s).
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