Genome-environment association analyses reveal geographically restricted adaptive divergence across the range of the widespread Eurasian carnivore
Eurasian lynx
Lynx lynx
conservation units
genome scans
local adaptation
subspecies
Journal
Evolutionary applications
ISSN: 1752-4571
Titre abrégé: Evol Appl
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101461828
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Nov 2023
Nov 2023
Historique:
received:
22
07
2022
revised:
18
05
2023
accepted:
06
06
2023
medline:
29
11
2023
pubmed:
29
11
2023
entrez:
29
11
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Local adaptations to the environment are an important aspect of the diversity of a species and their discovery, description and quantification has important implications for the fields of taxonomy, evolutionary and conservation biology. In this study, we scan genomes from several populations across the distributional range of the Eurasian lynx, with the objective of finding genomic windows under positive selection which may underlie local adaptations to different environments. A total of 394 genomic windows are found to be associated to local environmental conditions, and they are enriched for genes involved in metabolism, behaviour, synaptic organization and neural development. Adaptive genetic structure, reconstructed from SNPs in candidate windows, is considerably different than the neutral genetic structure of the species. A widespread adaptively homogeneous group is recovered occupying areas of harsher snow and temperature climatic conditions in the north-western, central and eastern parts of the distribution. Adaptively divergent populations are recovered in the westernmost part of the range, especially within the Baltic population, but also predicted for different patches in the western and southern part of the range, associated with different snow and temperature regimes. Adaptive differentiation driven by climate does not correlate much with the subspecies taxonomic delimitations, suggesting that subspecific divergences are mostly driven by neutral processes of genetic drift and gene flow. Our results will aid the selection of source populations for assisted gene flow or genetic rescue programs by identifying what climatic patterns to look for as predictors of pre-adaptation of individuals. Particularly, the Carpathian population is confirmed as the best source of individuals for the genetic rescue of the endangered, isolated and genetically eroded Balkan population. Additionally, reintroductions in central and western Europe, currently based mostly on Carpathian lynxes, could consider the Baltic population as an additional source to increase adaptive variation and likely improve adaptation to their milder climate.
Identifiants
pubmed: 38029067
doi: 10.1111/eva.13570
pii: EVA13570
pmc: PMC10681490
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
1773-1788Informations de copyright
© 2023 The Authors. Evolutionary Applications published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
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