Interaction of impinging marangoni fields.

Surface tension gradient driven Marangoni flows originating from multiple sources are important to many industrial and medical applications, but the theoretical literature focuses on single surfactant sources. Understanding how two spreading surfactant sources interact allows insights from single source experiments to be applied to multi-source applications. Two key features of multi-source spreading - source translation and source deformation - can be explained by transport modeling of a two-source system. Numerical simulations of two oleic acid disks placed at varying initial separation distances on a glycerol subphase were performed using COMSOL Multiphysics and compared to spreading of a single surfactant source. Interaction of two spreading sources can be split into three regimes: the independent regime - where each source is unaffected by the other, the interaction regime - where the presence of a second source alters one or more features of the spreading dynamics, and the quasi-one disk regime - where the two sources merge together. The translation of the sources, manifested as increasing separation distance between disk centers of mass, is driven by the flow fields within the subphase and the resultant surface deformation, while deformation of the sources occurs only once the surfactant fronts of the two sources meet.

Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.