The heterogeneity of attenuated and brief limited psychotic symptoms: association of contents with age, sex, country, religion, comorbidities, and functioning.
Attenuated Psychotic Symptoms
clinical-high risk for psychosis
delusional ideas
disorganized communication
hallucinatory experiences
Journal
Frontiers in psychiatry
ISSN: 1664-0640
Titre abrégé: Front Psychiatry
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101545006
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2023
2023
Historique:
received:
20
04
2023
accepted:
13
06
2023
medline:
24
7
2023
pubmed:
24
7
2023
entrez:
24
7
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
The Attenuated Psychosis Symptoms (APS) syndrome mostly represents the ultra-high-risk state of psychosis but, as does the Brief Intermittent Psychotic Symptoms (BIPS) syndrome, shows a large variance in conversion rates. This may be due to the heterogeneity of APS/BIPS that may be related to the effects of culture, sex, age, and other psychiatric morbidities. Thus, we investigated the different thematic contents of APS and their association with sex, age, country, religion, comorbidity, and functioning to gain a better understanding of the psychosis-risk syndrome. A sample of 232 clinical high-risk subjects according to the ultra-high risk and basic symptom criteria was recruited as part of a European study conducted in Germany, Italy, Switzerland, and Finland. Case vignettes, originally used for supervision of inclusion criteria, were investigated for APS/BIPS contents, which were compared for sex, age, country, religion, functioning, and comorbidities using chi-squared tests and regression analyses. We extracted 109 different contents, mainly of APS (96.8%): 63 delusional, 29 hallucinatory, and 17 speech-disorganized contents. Only 20 contents (18.3%) were present in at least 5% of the sample, with paranoid and referential ideas being the most frequent. Thirty-one (28.5%) contents, in particular, bizarre ideas and perceptual abnormalities, demonstrated an association with age, country, comorbidity, or functioning, with regression models of country and obsessive-compulsive disorders explaining most of the variance: 55.8 and 38.3%, respectively. Contents did not differ between religious groups. Psychosis-risk patients report a wide range of different contents of APS/BIPS, underlining the psychopathological heterogeneity of this group but also revealing a potential core set of contents. Compared to earlier reports on North-American samples, our maximum prevalence rates of contents were considerably lower; this likely being related to a stricter rating of APS/BIPS and cultural influences, in particular, higher schizotypy reported in North-America. The various associations of some APS/BIPS contents with country, age, comorbidities, and functioning might moderate their clinical severity and, consequently, the related risk for psychosis and/or persistent functional disability.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37484669
doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1209485
pmc: PMC10361815
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
1209485Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2023 Theisen, Rosen, Meisenzahl, Koutsouleris, Lichtenstein, Ruhrmann, Kambeitz, Kambeitz-Ilankovic, Riecher-Rössler, Chisholm, Upthegrove, Antonucci, Bertolino, Pigoni, Salokangas, Pantelis, Wood, Lencer, Falkai, Hietala, Brambilla, Schmidt, Andreou, Borgwardt, Osman and Schultze-Lutter.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
NK reported receiving grants from the European Union (EU) during the conduct of the study and having a patent to US20160192889A1 issued. SR reported receiving grants from the European Commission during the conduct of the study. AR-R reported receiving grants from the EU during the conduct of the study. CA reported receiving non-financial support from Sunovion Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and H. Lundbeck A/S outside the submitted manuscript. JH reported receiving personal fees from Orion Company, Ltd., Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd., and H. Lundbeck A/S and European College of Neuropsychopharmacology Congress participation support from Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited during the conduct of the study. FS-L reported receiving grants from the Swiss National Foundation during the conduct of the study. CP reported receiving grants from Australian National Health and the Medical Research Council during the conduct of the study and personal fees from H. Lundbeck A/S and Australia Pty Ltd outside the submitted manuscript. RU reported receiving personal fees from Sunovion Pharmaceuticals, Inc, outside the submitted manuscript. EM reported having a patent to US20160192889A1 licensed. TL reported receiving funding from the Koeln Fortune Program/Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne (No. 370/2020). The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
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