Why Are Old-Age Disabilities Decreasing in Sweden and Denmark? Evidence on the Contribution of Cognition, Education, and Sensory Functions.
ADL limitations
IADL limitations
Nordic countries
Older adults
Sensory function
Journal
The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences
ISSN: 1758-5368
Titre abrégé: J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9508483
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
04 03 2023
04 03 2023
Historique:
received:
10
01
2022
pubmed:
17
9
2022
medline:
8
3
2023
entrez:
16
9
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Improvements in educational attainment, cognitive and sensory functions, and a decline in the prevalence of disabilities have been observed in older adults in Sweden and Denmark. In the present study, it was investigated whether better cognition, higher educational attainment, and improved sensory function among older adults aged 60 and older in these countries have contributed to decreasing rates of old-age disabilities. The analyses were based on repeated cross-sectional data from the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe for the 2004-2017 period. Descriptive data were used to benchmark the declining prevalence of disabilities, improving cognitive and sensory functions, and increased educational level. The association between time and disabilities was analyzed with logistic regression models, and the contribution of the improved cognitive function, education, and sensory function to the declining prevalence of old-age disabilities was estimated using the Karlson-Holm-Breen method for mediation analysis. The analysis suggests that the declining prevalence of old-age disabilities in Sweden and Denmark between 2004 and 2017 can largely be attributed to improved cognitive function and vision and to a lesser extent by education and hearing ability. These findings raise important questions about the causal mechanisms producing the associations between cognition, education, and sensory functions and disability in older age. Future studies should explore the causal nature of the associations between these mediators and old-age disabilities. In addition, they should explore whether these findings differ across regional and cultural contexts and over different time periods.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36112366
pii: 6702157
doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbac118
pmc: PMC9985323
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
483-495Subventions
Organisme : Marie Curie
ID : 754285
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : NIA NIH HHS
ID : U01 AG009740
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIA NIH HHS
ID : P01 AG005842
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIA NIH HHS
ID : P01 AG008291
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIA NIH HHS
ID : P30 AG012815
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIA NIH HHS
ID : HHSN271201300071C
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIA NIH HHS
ID : R21 AG025169
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America.
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