A New Perspective on the Pathophysiology of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: Role of the Glia-Neuro-Vascular Interface.
astrocytes
benign intracranial hypertension
capillaries
idiopathic intracranial hypertension
intracranial pressure
pathophysiology
pseudotumor cerebri
Journal
Frontiers in molecular neuroscience
ISSN: 1662-5099
Titre abrégé: Front Mol Neurosci
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101477914
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2022
2022
Historique:
received:
19
03
2022
accepted:
07
06
2022
entrez:
29
7
2022
pubmed:
30
7
2022
medline:
30
7
2022
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a neurological disease characterized by symptoms and signs of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) of unknown cause. Most attention has been given to the role of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) disturbance and intracranial venous hypertension caused by sinus vein stenosis. We previously proposed that key pathophysiological processes take place within the brain at the glia-neuro-vascular interface. However, the relative importance of the proposed mechanisms in IIH disease remains unknown. Modern treatment regimens aim to reduce intracranial CSF and venous pressures, but a substantial proportion of patients experience lasting complaints. In 2010, the first author established a database for the prospective collection of information from individuals being assessed for IIH. The database incorporates clinical, imaging, physiological, and biological data, and information about treatment/outcome. This study retrieved information from the database, asking the following research questions: In IIH subjects responding to shunt surgery, what is the occurrence of signs of CSF disturbance, sinus vein stenosis, intracranial hypertension, and microscopic evidence of structural abnormalities at the glia-neuro-vascular interface? Secondarily, do semi-quantitative measures of abnormal ultrastructure at the glia-neurovascular differ between subjects with definite IIH and non-IIH (reference) subjects? The study included 13 patients with IIH who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria and who improved following shunt surgery, i.e., patients with definite IIH. Comparisons were done regarding magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, pulsatile and static ICP scores, and immune-histochemistry microscopy. Among these 13 IIH subjects, 6/13 (46%) of patients presented with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signs of CSF disturbance (empty sella and/or distended perioptic subarachnoid spaces), 0/13 (0%) of patients with IIH had MRI signs of sinus vein stenosis, 13/13 (100%) of patients with IIH presented with abnormal preoperative pulsatile ICP [overnight mean ICP wave amplitude (MWA) above thresholds], 3/13 (23%) patients showed abnormal static ICP (overnight mean ICP above threshold), and 12/13 (92%) of patients with IIH showed abnormal structural changes at the glia-neuro-vascular interface. Comparisons of semi-quantitative structural variables between IIH and aged- and gender-matched reference (REF) subjects showed IIH abnormalities in glial cells, neurons, and capillaries. The present data suggest a key role of disease processes affecting the glia-neuro-vascular interface.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35903170
doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.900057
pmc: PMC9315230
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
900057Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2022 Eide and Hansson.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Figure 3 is from Sensometrics analytical software, which is used for digital recording of continuous pressure (ICP, ABP, and CSF pressure) signals. PE has a financial interest in the software company, dPCom AS, which manufactures this software. The remaining author declares that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
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