Long-term effect of a dietary intervention with two-healthy dietary approaches on food intake and nutrient density in coronary patients: results from the CORDIOPREV trial.

Cardiovascular disease Dietary intake Dietary intervention Low-fat diet Mediterranean diet Nutrient density

Journal

European journal of nutrition
ISSN: 1436-6215
Titre abrégé: Eur J Nutr
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 100888704

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
Sep 2022
Historique:
received: 27 09 2021
accepted: 22 02 2022
pubmed: 30 3 2022
medline: 12 8 2022
entrez: 29 3 2022
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of disease burden in the world by non-communicable diseases. Nutritional interventions promoting high-quality dietary patterns with low caloric intake value and high nutrient density (ND) could be linked to a better control of CVD risk and recurrence of coronary disease. This study aims to assess the effects of a dietary intervention based on MedDiet or Low-Fat dietary intervention over changes in ND and food intake after 1 and 7 years of follow-up of the CORDIOPREV study. We prospectively analyzed the results of the 802 coronary patients randomized to two healthy dietary patterns (MedDiet = 425, Low-Fat Diet = 377) who completed the 7 years of follow-up and had all the dietary data need. Dietary intake information obtained from a validated 137-item Food Frequency Questionnaire was used to calculate 1- and 7-year changes in dietary intake and ND (measured as nutrient intake per 1000 kcal). T test was used to ascertain differences in food intake and ND between groups across follow-up time. Within-subject (dietary allocation group) differences were analyzed with ANOVA repeated measures. From baseline to 7 years of follow-up, significant increases of vegetables, fruits, and whole cereals within groups (p < 0.001) was found. We found a higher increase in dietary intake of certain food groups with MedDiet in comparison with Low-Fat Diet for vegetables (46.1 g/day vs. 18.1 g/day, p < 00.1), fruits (121.3 g/day vs. 72.9 g/day), legumes (4.3 g/day vs. 0.16 g/day) and nuts (7.3 g/day vs. - 3.7 g/day). There was a decrease in energy intake over time in both groups, slightly higher in Low-Fat Diet compared to MedDiet group (- 427.6 kcal/day vs. - 279.8 kcal/day at 1st year, and - 544.6 kcal/day vs. - 215.3 kcal/day after 7 years of follow-up). ND of all the nutrients increased within group across follow-up time, except for Saturated Fatty Acids (SFA), cholesterol and sodium (p < 0.001). A comprehensive dietary intervention improved quality of diet, reducing total energy intake and increasing the intake of healthy food groups and overall ND after 1 year and maintaining this trend after 7 years of follow-up. Our results reinforce the idea of the participation in trials, enhance nutrition literacy and produces better nutritional outcomes in adult patients with established CVD. The trial was registered in 2009 at ClinicalTrials.gov (number NCT00924937).

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of disease burden in the world by non-communicable diseases. Nutritional interventions promoting high-quality dietary patterns with low caloric intake value and high nutrient density (ND) could be linked to a better control of CVD risk and recurrence of coronary disease. This study aims to assess the effects of a dietary intervention based on MedDiet or Low-Fat dietary intervention over changes in ND and food intake after 1 and 7 years of follow-up of the CORDIOPREV study.
METHODS METHODS
We prospectively analyzed the results of the 802 coronary patients randomized to two healthy dietary patterns (MedDiet = 425, Low-Fat Diet = 377) who completed the 7 years of follow-up and had all the dietary data need. Dietary intake information obtained from a validated 137-item Food Frequency Questionnaire was used to calculate 1- and 7-year changes in dietary intake and ND (measured as nutrient intake per 1000 kcal). T test was used to ascertain differences in food intake and ND between groups across follow-up time. Within-subject (dietary allocation group) differences were analyzed with ANOVA repeated measures.
RESULTS RESULTS
From baseline to 7 years of follow-up, significant increases of vegetables, fruits, and whole cereals within groups (p < 0.001) was found. We found a higher increase in dietary intake of certain food groups with MedDiet in comparison with Low-Fat Diet for vegetables (46.1 g/day vs. 18.1 g/day, p < 00.1), fruits (121.3 g/day vs. 72.9 g/day), legumes (4.3 g/day vs. 0.16 g/day) and nuts (7.3 g/day vs. - 3.7 g/day). There was a decrease in energy intake over time in both groups, slightly higher in Low-Fat Diet compared to MedDiet group (- 427.6 kcal/day vs. - 279.8 kcal/day at 1st year, and - 544.6 kcal/day vs. - 215.3 kcal/day after 7 years of follow-up). ND of all the nutrients increased within group across follow-up time, except for Saturated Fatty Acids (SFA), cholesterol and sodium (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
A comprehensive dietary intervention improved quality of diet, reducing total energy intake and increasing the intake of healthy food groups and overall ND after 1 year and maintaining this trend after 7 years of follow-up. Our results reinforce the idea of the participation in trials, enhance nutrition literacy and produces better nutritional outcomes in adult patients with established CVD.
CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY BACKGROUND
The trial was registered in 2009 at ClinicalTrials.gov (number NCT00924937).

Identifiants

pubmed: 35348875
doi: 10.1007/s00394-022-02854-7
pii: 10.1007/s00394-022-02854-7
pmc: PMC9363404
doi:

Banques de données

ClinicalTrials.gov
['NCT00924937']

Types de publication

Journal Article Randomized Controlled Trial

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

3019-3036

Subventions

Organisme : Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion
ID : AGL2009-122270
Organisme : Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación
ID : PI10/01041
Organisme : Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación
ID : PI13/00023
Organisme : Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad
ID : AGL2012/39615
Organisme : Consejeria de Salud, Junta de Andalucia
ID : PI0193/09
Organisme : consejería de salud, junta de andalucía
ID : PI-0252/09
Organisme : Consejería de Salud, Junta de Andalucía
ID : PI-0058/10
Organisme : Consejería de Salud, Junta de Andalucía
ID : PI-0206-2013
Organisme : Consejería de Economía, Innovación, Ciencia y Empleo
ID : CVI-7450

Commentaires et corrections

Type : CommentIn
Type : CommentIn
Type : ErratumIn

Informations de copyright

© 2022. The Author(s).

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Auteurs

Naomi Cano-Ibáñez (N)

Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain.
Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029, Madrid, Spain.
Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain.

Gracia M Quintana-Navarro (GM)

Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Internal Medicine Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Av. Menendez Pidal s/n, 14004, Cordoba, Spain.
Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14014, Cordoba, Spain.

Juan F Alcala-Diaz (JF)

Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Internal Medicine Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Av. Menendez Pidal s/n, 14004, Cordoba, Spain.
Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14014, Cordoba, Spain.
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Cordoba, 14014, Cordoba, Spain.
CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.

Oriol A Rangel-Zuñiga (OA)

Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Internal Medicine Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Av. Menendez Pidal s/n, 14004, Cordoba, Spain.
Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14014, Cordoba, Spain.
CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.

Antonio Camargo (A)

Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Internal Medicine Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Av. Menendez Pidal s/n, 14004, Cordoba, Spain.
Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14014, Cordoba, Spain.
CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.

Elena M Yubero-Serrano (EM)

Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Internal Medicine Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Av. Menendez Pidal s/n, 14004, Cordoba, Spain.
Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14014, Cordoba, Spain.
CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.

Isabel Perez-Corral (I)

Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Internal Medicine Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Av. Menendez Pidal s/n, 14004, Cordoba, Spain.
Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14014, Cordoba, Spain.
CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.

Antonio P Arenas-de Larriva (AP)

Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Internal Medicine Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Av. Menendez Pidal s/n, 14004, Cordoba, Spain.
Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14014, Cordoba, Spain.
CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.

Antonio Garcia-Rios (A)

Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Internal Medicine Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Av. Menendez Pidal s/n, 14004, Cordoba, Spain.
Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14014, Cordoba, Spain.
CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.

Pablo Perez-Martinez (P)

Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Internal Medicine Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Av. Menendez Pidal s/n, 14004, Cordoba, Spain.
Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14014, Cordoba, Spain.
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Cordoba, 14014, Cordoba, Spain.
CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.

Javier Delgado-Lista (J)

Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Internal Medicine Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Av. Menendez Pidal s/n, 14004, Cordoba, Spain. delgadolista@gmail.com.
Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14014, Cordoba, Spain. delgadolista@gmail.com.
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Cordoba, 14014, Cordoba, Spain. delgadolista@gmail.com.
CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain. delgadolista@gmail.com.

Jose Lopez-Miranda (J)

Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Internal Medicine Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Av. Menendez Pidal s/n, 14004, Cordoba, Spain. jlopezmir@uco.es.
Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14014, Cordoba, Spain. jlopezmir@uco.es.
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Cordoba, 14014, Cordoba, Spain. jlopezmir@uco.es.
CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain. jlopezmir@uco.es.

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