The Landscape of Nanovectors for Modulation in Cancer Immunotherapy.
bioinspired nanovectors
immunotherapy
nanomedicine
nanoparticles
nanopharmaceuticals
nanotechnology
Journal
Pharmaceutics
ISSN: 1999-4923
Titre abrégé: Pharmaceutics
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101534003
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
11 Feb 2022
11 Feb 2022
Historique:
received:
30
11
2021
revised:
01
02
2022
accepted:
08
02
2022
entrez:
26
2
2022
pubmed:
27
2
2022
medline:
27
2
2022
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Immunotherapy represents a promising strategy for the treatment of cancer, which functions via the reprogramming and activation of antitumor immunity. However, adverse events resulting from immunotherapy that are related to the low specificity of tumor cell-targeting represent a limitation of immunotherapy's efficacy. The potential of nanotechnologies is represented by the possibilities of immunotherapeutical agents being carried by nanoparticles with various material types, shapes, sizes, coated ligands, associated loading methods, hydrophilicities, elasticities, and biocompatibilities. In this review, the principal types of nanovectors (nanopharmaceutics and bioinspired nanoparticles) are summarized along with the shortcomings in nanoparticle delivery and the main factors that modulate efficacy (the EPR effect, protein coronas, and microbiota). The mechanisms by which nanovectors can target cancer cells, the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), and the peripheral immune system are also presented. A possible mathematical model for the cellular communication mechanisms related to exosomes as nanocarriers is proposed.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35214129
pii: pharmaceutics14020397
doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020397
pmc: PMC8875018
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Références
Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2014;14(12):1016-26
pubmed: 24433501
Nano Lett. 2019 May 8;19(5):2993-3001
pubmed: 30964695
Nature. 2018 Feb 22;554(7693):544-548
pubmed: 29443960
ACS Nano. 2017 Mar 28;11(3):3089-3100
pubmed: 28231431
J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2019 Sep 18;38(1):408
pubmed: 31533779
Contrast Media Mol Imaging. 2015 May-Jun;10(3):225-36
pubmed: 25327822
Nat Nanotechnol. 2019 Jan;14(1):89-97
pubmed: 30531990
Cell. 2017 Feb 9;168(4):707-723
pubmed: 28187290
Bioconjug Chem. 2018 Mar 21;29(3):624-634
pubmed: 29323870
Biomaterials. 2010 Nov;31(32):8172-80
pubmed: 20692033
J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2016 May 06;35:74
pubmed: 27154307
Biomaterials. 2018 May;164:38-53
pubmed: 29482062
J Control Release. 2020 Nov 10;327:296-315
pubmed: 32814093
Clin Cancer Res. 2016 Feb 1;22(3):680-90
pubmed: 26832745
Semin Immunol. 2017 Dec;34:52-60
pubmed: 29066063
Nano Lett. 2008 Mar;8(3):859-65
pubmed: 18288815
Front Oncol. 2019 Mar 19;9:156
pubmed: 30941308
Nat Nanotechnol. 2007 Dec;2(12):751-60
pubmed: 18654426
Nat Rev Cancer. 2011 Oct 24;11(11):805-12
pubmed: 22020206
Nano Res. 2018;11(10):5573-5583
pubmed: 31656553
Int J Biol Sci. 2021 Jun 16;17(10):2476-2486
pubmed: 34326688
Adv Virol. 2012;2012:805629
pubmed: 22400027
J Clin Oncol. 2015 Sep 1;33(25):2780-8
pubmed: 26014293
Biomaterials. 2020 Nov;258:120275
pubmed: 32798741
Neural Regen Res. 2021 Oct;16(10):2064-2070
pubmed: 33642395
Nat Rev Cancer. 2020 Dec;20(12):697-709
pubmed: 32958932
Science. 2015 Apr 3;348(6230):124-8
pubmed: 25765070
Int J Nanomedicine. 2018 Feb 14;13:957-973
pubmed: 29491709
Radiother Oncol. 2019 Dec;141:262-266
pubmed: 31439450
Science. 2015 Oct 9;350(6257):207-211
pubmed: 26359337
Vaccine. 2010 Mar 2;28(10):2174-2185
pubmed: 20056188
Cancer Res. 1994 Sep 1;54(17):4564-8
pubmed: 8062241
Biomaterials. 2016 Dec;111:55-65
pubmed: 27723556
Adv Sci (Weinh). 2019 Nov 08;7(1):1900069
pubmed: 31921548
ACS Omega. 2017 Mar 31;2(3):937-945
pubmed: 28393131
Nat Commun. 2016 Aug 17;7:12499
pubmed: 27530650
J Control Release. 2011 Aug 10;153(3):198-205
pubmed: 21663778
Clin Cancer Res. 2019 Feb 1;25(3):989-999
pubmed: 30206165
Biomacromolecules. 2017 Feb 13;18(2):431-439
pubmed: 28075126
Bioeng Transl Med. 2016 Jun 20;1(1):47-62
pubmed: 29313006
J Transl Med. 2005 Mar 02;3(1):10
pubmed: 15740633
Nano Lett. 2007 May;7(5):1318-22
pubmed: 17430005
Cancer Res. 2015 Jun 1;75(11):2232-42
pubmed: 25858148
Science. 2006 Sep 29;313(5795):1960-4
pubmed: 17008531
Cancer Res. 2004 Feb 1;64(3):1140-5
pubmed: 14871849
PLoS One. 2013 Nov 22;8(11):e79907
pubmed: 24278212
J Transl Med. 2005 Feb 21;3(1):9
pubmed: 15723705
J Control Release. 2016 Oct 28;240:527-540
pubmed: 27422609
Curr Cancer Drug Targets. 2018;18(2):171-176
pubmed: 29189159
Clin Cancer Res. 2009 May 15;15(10):3366-75
pubmed: 19417017
Cell. 2017 Mar 9;168(6):1065-1074.e10
pubmed: 28283062
Adv Mater. 2012 Jul 24;24(28):3724-46
pubmed: 22641380
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2015;16(18):8019-29
pubmed: 26745034
J Transl Med. 2019 Mar 27;17(1):100
pubmed: 30917829
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Sep 17;99(19):12293-7
pubmed: 12218188
Oncoimmunology. 2014 Dec 15;3(10):e957994
pubmed: 25941578
Theranostics. 2018 Jan 1;8(4):1005-1026
pubmed: 29463996
ACS Nano. 2018 Aug 28;12(8):7647-7662
pubmed: 30020768
J Neurooncol. 2018 Jan;136(1):189-195
pubmed: 29143272
Int Immunopharmacol. 2018 Jan;54:163-168
pubmed: 29149704
Immunity. 2016 Mar 15;44(3):609-621
pubmed: 26944201
Cancer Res. 1996 Mar 15;56(6):1194-8
pubmed: 8640796
Eur J Pharmacol. 2018 Oct 15;837:117-126
pubmed: 30179611
Pharm Res. 2003 Sep;20(9):1337-50
pubmed: 14567626
Molecules. 2017 Aug 31;22(9):
pubmed: 28858253
Lancet Oncol. 2019 Aug;20(8):1148-1159
pubmed: 31296491
J Clin Invest. 2019 Mar 4;129(4):1407-1418
pubmed: 30829653
Nature. 2016 Jun 01;534(7607):396-401
pubmed: 27281205
Mol Cancer Ther. 2019 Mar;18(3):621-631
pubmed: 30683810
Biomater Sci. 2021 Nov 23;9(23):7667-7704
pubmed: 34673853
Br J Haematol. 1967 May;13(3):269-88
pubmed: 6025241
J Control Release. 2014 Oct 28;192:209-18
pubmed: 25068703
Acc Chem Res. 2019 Jun 18;52(6):1507-1518
pubmed: 31149804
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2009 Dec 17;61(15):1391-401
pubmed: 19758574
Front Immunol. 2017 Feb 15;8:151
pubmed: 28239384
Nat Med. 1998 May;4(5):594-600
pubmed: 9585234
Curr Opin Immunol. 2013 Apr;25(2):261-7
pubmed: 23579076
Nat Rev Cancer. 2004 Oct;4(10):806-13
pubmed: 15510161
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2020 Oct;21(10):585-606
pubmed: 32457507
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Mar 15;22(6):
pubmed: 33804239
Cancer Immunol Res. 2018 Oct;6(10):1161-1173
pubmed: 30209061
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2018 Apr 24;115(17):E4041-E4050
pubmed: 29632196
Nat Rev Cancer. 2017 Jan;17(1):20-37
pubmed: 27834398
Virol J. 2012 Jun 12;9:108
pubmed: 22691538
Mol Cancer Ther. 2009 Oct;8(10):2861-71
pubmed: 19825804
Biomaterials. 2011 Apr;32(11):3094-105
pubmed: 21262534
Adv Mater. 2014 Dec 23;26(48):8154-62
pubmed: 25331930
Pharmaceutics. 2017 Mar 27;9(2):
pubmed: 28346375
Adv Mater. 2015 Dec 2;27(45):7261-84
pubmed: 26459239
Mol Cancer. 2021 Mar 24;20(1):55
pubmed: 33761944
Biomed Res. 2014;35(2):105-16
pubmed: 24759178
Nat Nanotechnol. 2016 Mar;11(3):295-303
pubmed: 26689376
Nat Nanotechnol. 2017 Sep 6;12(9):840-841
pubmed: 28875982
Biomaterials. 2021 Jan;266:120469
pubmed: 33120200
J Phys Chem B. 2014 Dec 11;118(49):14017-26
pubmed: 24779411
Science. 2011 Mar 4;331(6021):1188-91
pubmed: 21292939
Nanomedicine (Lond). 2016;11(5):479-94
pubmed: 26892440
Clin Cancer Res. 2012 Oct 15;18(20):5628-38
pubmed: 22904105
Nature. 2018 Feb 22;554(7693):538-543
pubmed: 29443964
J Bacteriol. 2016 Mar 31;198(8):1186-95
pubmed: 26833418
Nano Lett. 2018 May 9;18(5):3250-3258
pubmed: 29683683
Nat Med. 2010 Sep;16(9):1035-41
pubmed: 20711198
Theranostics. 2015 Jan 21;5(4):357-70
pubmed: 25699096
Nat Rev Immunol. 2013 Aug;13(8):592-605
pubmed: 23883969
Biomaterials. 2014 Jan;35(1):590-600
pubmed: 24125775
Small. 2014 Jan 29;10(2):368-75
pubmed: 23963797
Biomaterials. 2011 May;32(14):3666-78
pubmed: 21345488
J Am Chem Soc. 2016 Sep 28;138(38):12502-10
pubmed: 27575718
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2019 Jan 16;11(2):1876-1885
pubmed: 30582788
Mol Pharm. 2018 Sep 4;15(9):3717-3722
pubmed: 29613803
Int J Nanomedicine. 2020 Mar 10;15:1677-1691
pubmed: 32214807
J Control Release. 2011 Nov 7;155(3):435-41
pubmed: 21641946
J Biochem. 1984 Sep;96(3):739-49
pubmed: 6438075
Adv Mater. 2010 Jun 18;22(23):2520-4
pubmed: 20491094
Mol Ther. 2013 Oct;21(10):1919-29
pubmed: 23774794
Nano Lett. 2007 Dec;7(12):3576-82
pubmed: 17975942
J Natl Cancer Inst. 2013 Feb 20;105(4):256-65
pubmed: 23291374
Cancer Treat Res. 2015;166:227-44
pubmed: 25895871
Eur J Pharm Sci. 2009 Oct 8;38(3):185-96
pubmed: 19646528
Mol Carcinog. 2018 Sep;57(9):1223-1236
pubmed: 29749061
Nat Nanotechnol. 2017 Sep;12(9):877-882
pubmed: 28650437
Sci Transl Med. 2016 Dec 21;8(370):370ra180
pubmed: 28003545
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2016 Jul 19;113(29):8098-103
pubmed: 27382168
ACS Nano. 2014 Apr 22;8(4):3636-45
pubmed: 24580381
ACS Nano. 2010 Oct 26;4(10):5887-96
pubmed: 20863096
J Hematol Oncol. 2019 Jan 14;12(1):7
pubmed: 30642373
Nanomedicine (Lond). 2017 Oct;12(19):2349-2365
pubmed: 28868980
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 Mar 5;116(10):4558-4566
pubmed: 30700545
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2020 Aug 17;59(34):14443-14448
pubmed: 32476215
Nat Rev Cancer. 2012 Feb 24;12(3):210-9
pubmed: 22362216
Nature. 2019 Jan;565(7737):43-48
pubmed: 30559380
Nanomedicine (Lond). 2014 Jan;9(1):121-34
pubmed: 24354814
J Natl Cancer Inst. 2015 Feb 03;107(3):
pubmed: 25650315
J Mol Med (Berl). 2013 Apr;91(4):431-7
pubmed: 23519402
Clin Cancer Res. 2009 Sep 1;15(17):5379-88
pubmed: 19706802
Annu Rev Immunol. 2011;29:235-71
pubmed: 21219185
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 May 28;116(22):10674-10680
pubmed: 31040208
J Clin Oncol. 2011 Feb 20;29(6):610-8
pubmed: 21245428
Oncoimmunology. 2015 Aug 12;5(4):e1071008
pubmed: 27141373
Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol. 2019 Dec;47(1):1543-1558
pubmed: 31007088
Cancer Biol Ther. 2008 Aug;7(8):1194-205
pubmed: 18458533
Biomacromolecules. 2018 Jun 11;19(6):2146-2155
pubmed: 29669207
Cancer Res. 2017 Apr 15;77(8):2040-2051
pubmed: 28235763
Adv Sci (Weinh). 2018 Feb 26;5(5):1700891
pubmed: 29876215
J Oncol. 2019 Feb 28;2019:4508794
pubmed: 30941175
Clin Cancer Res. 2017 Aug 1;23(15):4242-4250
pubmed: 28351930
Int J Biol Sci. 2020 Jan 14;16(4):633-643
pubmed: 32025211
Mol Pharm. 2018 May 7;15(5):1791-1799
pubmed: 29570298
Sci Transl Med. 2017 Sep 20;9(408):
pubmed: 28931654
Cancer Cell. 2017 Apr 10;31(4):476-485
pubmed: 28366678
J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2007 Jun;133(6):389-99
pubmed: 17219198
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Dec 21;96(26):15121-6
pubmed: 10611348
ACS Nano. 2014 Jun 24;8(6):5515-26
pubmed: 24797313
Annu Rev Med. 2012;63:185-98
pubmed: 21888516
Cell. 2015 Apr 9;161(2):201-4
pubmed: 25860604
Methods Mol Biol. 2010;623:173-88
pubmed: 20217551
Nat Mater. 2009 Feb;8(2):151-8
pubmed: 19136947
Stem Cell Res Ther. 2020 Aug 14;11(1):356
pubmed: 32795359
Immunity. 2020 May 19;52(5):742-752
pubmed: 32433947
Biomaterials. 2017 Mar;120:32-45
pubmed: 28027502
Int J Cancer. 2011 Jul 15;129(2):407-16
pubmed: 21207410
Oncoimmunology. 2013 Jan 1;2(1):e22664
pubmed: 23482679
Science. 2018 Jan 5;359(6371):104-108
pubmed: 29302014
Microsc Res Tech. 1993 Dec 1;26(5):412-22
pubmed: 8286787
J Immunother Cancer. 2019 Feb 1;7(1):26
pubmed: 30709365
Mol Cell Biol. 2014 Sep;34(17):3182-93
pubmed: 24958102
Acta Pharm Sin B. 2016 Jul;6(4):287-96
pubmed: 27471669
Sci Transl Med. 2019 Jan 30;11(477):
pubmed: 30700577
J Pathol. 2014 Jan;232(2):199-209
pubmed: 24122236
Pharmaceutics. 2021 Oct 23;13(11):
pubmed: 34834188
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2019 Jan 14;58(3):670-680
pubmed: 30016571
Arch Pharm Res. 2010 Nov;33(11):1859-66
pubmed: 21116790
Science. 2015 Nov 27;350(6264):1084-9
pubmed: 26541606
ACS Nano. 2014 Mar 25;8(3):2439-55
pubmed: 24517450
Biomaterials. 2017 Dec;147:155-168
pubmed: 28946131
Molecules. 2020 Feb 14;25(4):
pubmed: 32075083
Sci Rep. 2018 Nov 30;8(1):17508
pubmed: 30504893
Clin Cancer Res. 2017 Apr 15;23(8):1920-1928
pubmed: 27827313
Bioconjug Chem. 2010 Dec 15;21(12):2250-6
pubmed: 21070003
Int J Nanomedicine. 2013;8:1015-27
pubmed: 23687445
Nano Today. 2012 Dec 1;7(6):606-618
pubmed: 23243460
J Control Release. 2012 Dec 10;164(2):115-24
pubmed: 22484196
Oncolytic Virother. 2017 Nov 08;6:39-49
pubmed: 29184854
Nature. 2020 Jan;577(7791):561-565
pubmed: 31942071
ACS Nano. 2011 Jan 25;5(1):516-22
pubmed: 21162527
Immunity. 2013 Jul 25;39(1):11-26
pubmed: 23890060
Nat Med. 2002 Aug;8(8):793-800
pubmed: 12091876
Br J Cancer. 2004 Nov 15;91(10):1775-81
pubmed: 15477860
Nanoscale. 2015 Mar 7;7(9):3857-66
pubmed: 25254497
Nat Nanotechnol. 2016 Nov;11(11):986-994
pubmed: 27668795
Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2019 Mar;18(3):197-218
pubmed: 30610226
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017 Jul 25;114(30):E6157-E6165
pubmed: 28710334
Oncoimmunology. 2012 Oct 1;1(7):1111-1134
pubmed: 23170259
J Am Chem Soc. 2012 Feb 1;134(4):2139-47
pubmed: 22191645
Biomaterials. 2015 Oct;67:214-24
pubmed: 26222284
ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2017 Apr 10;3(4):496-501
pubmed: 28989957
Adv Healthc Mater. 2015 Oct 28;4(15):2269-80
pubmed: 26376024
J Immunother Cancer. 2020 Oct;8(2):
pubmed: 33046622
Nat Nanotechnol. 2017 Jul;12(7):648-654
pubmed: 28436963
J Exp Med. 1994 Apr 1;179(4):1109-18
pubmed: 8145033
Clin Cancer Res. 2017 Feb 15;23(4):908-917
pubmed: 27998887
ACS Nano. 2012 Mar 27;6(3):2665-78
pubmed: 22324868
PLoS One. 2017 Jul 5;12(7):e0179431
pubmed: 28678791
Nano Lett. 2017 May 10;17(5):2747-2756
pubmed: 28422506
Neoplasia. 2015 Aug;17(8):661-70
pubmed: 26408258
Oncoimmunology. 2017 Dec 21;7(3):e1356144
pubmed: 29399387
J Extracell Vesicles. 2018 Nov 23;7(1):1535750
pubmed: 30637094
Bioconjug Chem. 2010 May 19;21(5):797-802
pubmed: 20397686
Nature. 2011 Dec 21;480(7378):480-9
pubmed: 22193102
ACS Nano. 2017 Jun 27;11(6):5680-5696
pubmed: 28548843
Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2010 Nov;7(11):653-64
pubmed: 20838415
Mol Ther. 2008 Apr;16(4):782-90
pubmed: 18362931
Immunol Cell Biol. 2015 Sep;93(8):727-34
pubmed: 25776846
J Clin Invest. 1974 Sep;54(3):555-62
pubmed: 4137057
Cancer Res. 2014 Feb 1;74(3):665-74
pubmed: 24336068
Nat Mater. 2017 Apr;16(4):489-496
pubmed: 28024156
Nat Commun. 2017 Oct 12;8(1):902
pubmed: 29026068
Adv Biosyst. 2017 Feb;1(1-2):
pubmed: 30258983
Mol Ther Oncolytics. 2021 Feb 17;20:508-518
pubmed: 33738337
Nat Commun. 2013;4:1590
pubmed: 23481398
Biomaterials. 2005 Nov;26(32):6375-85
pubmed: 15913771
PLoS One. 2013 May 15;8(5):e63550
pubmed: 23691064
Biomaterials. 2016 Sep;102:187-97
pubmed: 27343466
Nature. 2017 Jan 18;541(7637):321-330
pubmed: 28102259
Nat Biomed Eng. 2018 Aug;2(8):600-610
pubmed: 31015630
Theranostics. 2019 Oct 17;9(26):8018-8025
pubmed: 31754378
Chem Commun (Camb). 2015 Feb 18;51(14):2756-67
pubmed: 26829150
Nat Commun. 2017 Nov 27;8(1):1811
pubmed: 29180759
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2008 Aug 17;60(11):1278-1288
pubmed: 18514969
Clin Cancer Res. 2016 Mar 1;22(5):1048-54
pubmed: 26719429
Oncotarget. 2015 Dec 29;6(42):44179-90
pubmed: 26496034
J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2020 Nov 23;39(1):258
pubmed: 33228747
Biomaterials. 2016 Oct;104:310-22
pubmed: 27475727
Nat Rev Immunol. 2018 Aug;18(8):498-513
pubmed: 29743717
Sci Rep. 2013 Dec 11;3:3469
pubmed: 24326739
J Exp Med. 1996 Mar 1;183(3):1161-72
pubmed: 8642258
JCO Precis Oncol. 2018;2018:
pubmed: 30148248
Mol Pharm. 2014 Mar 3;11(3):922-37
pubmed: 24446810
Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2014;30:255-89
pubmed: 25288114
Cancer Res. 2017 Dec 15;77(24):6795-6811
pubmed: 29247038
J Biomech. 2007;40(7):1484-92
pubmed: 16987520
Sci Transl Med. 2012 Aug 22;4(148):148rv9
pubmed: 22914624
J Clin Invest. 2016 Aug 1;126(8):2805-20
pubmed: 27348586
Immune Netw. 2013 Oct;13(5):177-83
pubmed: 24198742
Blood. 2007 Oct 1;110(7):2342-50
pubmed: 17515401
Biomaterials. 2015 Feb;40:88-97
pubmed: 25465442
Open Biol. 2018 Jun;8(6):
pubmed: 29875199
Genet Vaccines Ther. 2010 May 12;8:3
pubmed: 20459865
J Control Release. 2010 Jun 1;144(2):118-26
pubmed: 20156497
Nat Commun. 2017 Feb 24;8:14537
pubmed: 28233871
J Mater Chem B. 2019 Dec 14;7(46):7406-7414
pubmed: 31710067
Nat Biomed Eng. 2018 Aug;2(8):578-588
pubmed: 31015631
Sci Transl Med. 2016 Mar 2;8(328):328rv4
pubmed: 26936508
J Control Release. 2012 Nov 10;163(3):267-76
pubmed: 23000694
Nat Rev Immunol. 2005 Dec;5(12):953-64
pubmed: 16322748
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2013 Jan;65(1):71-9
pubmed: 23088862
Ci Ji Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2019 Dec 05;32(2):113-120
pubmed: 32269942
Nat Rev Immunol. 2017 Dec;17(12):774-785
pubmed: 28972206
Clin Cancer Res. 2005 Apr 15;11(8):3117-25
pubmed: 15837768
Biomaterials. 2014 Jan;35(2):814-24
pubmed: 24144906
Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2016 Apr;13(4):228-41
pubmed: 26667975
Adv Mater. 2016 Sep;28(33):7129-36
pubmed: 27283434
Int J Pharm. 2014 Nov 20;475(1-2):227-37
pubmed: 25169077
ACS Nano. 2015 Mar 24;9(3):3169-77
pubmed: 25715979
Cell Death Differ. 2007 Oct;14(10):1848-50
pubmed: 17657249
Aging (Albany NY). 2021 Jun 10;13(13):17177-17189
pubmed: 34111025
Int J Nanomedicine. 2013;8:413-20
pubmed: 23378763
Cell Mol Immunol. 2021 Apr;18(4):842-859
pubmed: 33139907
Cancer Discov. 2019 Jun;9(6):711-721
pubmed: 30988166
Theranostics. 2017 Sep 26;7(18):4383-4398
pubmed: 29158834
Beilstein J Nanotechnol. 2015 Jan 06;6:36-46
pubmed: 25671150
J Am Chem Soc. 2016 Dec 28;138(51):16686-16695
pubmed: 27976881
ACS Nano. 2017 Nov 28;11(11):10724-10732
pubmed: 28921946
Biomaterials. 2012 Oct;33(29):7221-32
pubmed: 22796161
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Feb 13;104(7):2050-5
pubmed: 17267609
Toxicology. 2015 Jan 2;327:62-76
pubmed: 25446327
Theranostics. 2019 Oct 17;9(26):8073-8090
pubmed: 31754382
Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2011 Dec;22(6):909-16
pubmed: 21550793
Int J Nanomedicine. 2015 Feb 02;10:975-99
pubmed: 25678787
Science. 1996 Mar 22;271(5256):1734-6
pubmed: 8596936
Vaccines (Basel). 2015 Aug 27;3(3):662-85
pubmed: 26350600
Adv Mater. 2017 Mar;29(9):
pubmed: 28084658
Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2005 Feb;4(2):145-60
pubmed: 15688077
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2008 Dec 14;60(15):1627-37
pubmed: 18930086