Colorectal Dysplasia and Cancer Surveillance in Ulcerative Colitis.
cancer
chromoendoscopy
colitis-associated neoplasia
inflammatory bowel disease
surveillance
ulcerative colitis
Journal
Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)
ISSN: 2079-9721
Titre abrégé: Diseases
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101636232
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
19 Nov 2021
19 Nov 2021
Historique:
received:
01
11
2021
revised:
15
11
2021
accepted:
16
11
2021
entrez:
29
11
2021
pubmed:
30
11
2021
medline:
30
11
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a risk factor for the development of inflammation-associated dysplasia or colitis-associated neoplasia (CAN). This transformation results from chronic inflammation, which induces changes in epithelial proliferation, survival, and migration via the induction of chemokines and cytokines. There are notable differences in genetic mutation profiles between CAN in UC patients and sporadic colorectal cancer in the general population. Colonoscopy is the cornerstone for surveillance and management of dysplasia in these patients. There are several modalities to augment the quality of endoscopy for the better detection of dysplastic or neoplastic lesions, including the use of high-definition white-light exam and image-enhanced colonoscopy, which are described in this review. Clinical practice guidelines regarding surveillance strategies in UC have been put forth by various GI societies, and overall, there is agreement between them except for some differences, which we highlight in this article. These guidelines recommend that endoscopically detected dysplasia, if feasible, should be resected endoscopically. Advanced newer techniques, such as endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection, have been utilized in the treatment of CAN. Surgery has traditionally been the mainstay of treating such advanced lesions, and in cases where endoscopic resection is not feasible, a proctocolectomy, followed by ileal pouch-anal anastomosis, is generally recommended. In this review we summarize the approach to surveillance for cancer and dysplasia in UC. We also highlight management strategies if dysplasia is detected.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34842672
pii: diseases9040086
doi: 10.3390/diseases9040086
pmc: PMC8628786
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
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