Osteoporosis, an Inevitable Circumstance of Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review.
abnormal bone turnover
bone fragility
calcium
ckd
end-stage renal disease (esrd)
fibroblast growth factor
fracture
osteoporosis
pth
vitamin d
Journal
Cureus
ISSN: 2168-8184
Titre abrégé: Cureus
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101596737
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Oct 2021
Oct 2021
Historique:
accepted:
04
10
2021
entrez:
25
10
2021
pubmed:
26
10
2021
medline:
26
10
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Nowadays, chronic kidney disease (CKD) and osteoporosis have become crucial health-related issues globally. CKD-induced osteoporosis is a systemic disease characterized by the disruption of mineral, hormone, and vitamin homeostasis that elevates the likelihood of fracture. Here, we review recent studies on the association of CKD and osteoporosis. In particular, we focus on the pathogenesis of CKD-associated osteoporosis, including the homeostasis and pathways of several components such as parathyroid hormone, calcium, phosphate, vitamin D, fibroblast growth factor, and klotho, as well as abnormal bone mineralization, remodeling, and turnover. In addition, we explore the diagnostic tools and possible therapeutic approaches for the management and prevention of CKD-associated osteoporosis. Patients with CKD show higher osteoporosis prevalence, greater fracture rate, increased morbidity and mortality, and an elevated occurrence of hip fracture. We also rule out that increased severity of CKD is related to a more severe condition of osteoporosis. Furthermore, supplements such as calcium and vitamin D as well as lifestyle modifications such as exercise and cessation of smoking and alcohol help in fracture prevention. However, new approaches and advancements in treatment are needed to reduce the fracture risk in patients with CKD. Therefore, further collaborative multidisciplinary research is needed in this regard.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34692259
doi: 10.7759/cureus.18488
pmc: PMC8526087
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
e18488Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021, Tasnim et al.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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