Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Dose, Infection, and Disease Outcomes for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Review.

Animals COVID-19 Comorbidity Female Humans Pregnancy SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 disease severity infectious dose inoculum

Journal

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
ISSN: 1537-6591
Titre abrégé: Clin Infect Dis
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9203213

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
24 08 2022
Historique:
received: 21 07 2021
pubmed: 16 10 2021
medline: 30 8 2022
entrez: 15 10 2021
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

The relationship between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) dose, infection, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes remains poorly understood. This review summarizes the existing literature regarding this issue, identifies gaps in current knowledge, and suggests opportunities for future research. In humans, host characteristics, including age, sex, comorbidities, smoking, and pregnancy, are associated with severe COVID-19. Similarly, in animals, host factors are strong determinants of disease severity, although most animal infection models manifest clinically with mild to moderate respiratory disease. The influence of variants of concern as it relates to infectious dose, consequence of overall pathogenicity, and disease outcome in dose-response remains unknown. Epidemiologic data suggest a dose-response relationship for infection contrasting with limited and inconsistent surrogate-based evidence between dose and disease severity. Recommendations include the design of future infection studies in animal models to investigate inoculating dose on outcomes and the use of better proxies for dose in human epidemiology studies.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab903 PMID: 34651164 PMC: PMC8524637
pubmed: 34651164
pii: 6397523
doi: 10.1093/cid/ciab903
pmc: PMC8524637
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Review

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

e1195-e1201

Subventions

Organisme : NIH HHS
ID : P51 OD011104
Pays : United States

Informations de copyright

© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

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Auteurs

Lisa M Brosseau (LM)

Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0002-6113-9060

Kevin Escandón (K)

School of Medicine, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia.
Grupo de Investigación en Virus Emergentes y Enfermedad (VIREM), Department of Microbiology, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia.
ORCID: 0000-0002-7173-7486

Angela K Ulrich (AK)

Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0002-4360-9719

Angela L Rasmussen (AL)

Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
Georgetown Center for Global Health Science and Security, Washington, D.C., USA.
ORCID: 0000-0001-9462-3169

Chad J Roy (CJ)

Tulane National Primate Research Center, Division of Microbiology, Covington, Louisiana, USA.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0002-1710-6974

Gregory J Bix (GJ)

Clinical Neuroscience Research Center, Departments of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USAand.
ORCID: 0000-0002-8969-9553

Saskia V Popescu (SV)

Georgetown Center for Global Health Science and Security, Washington, D.C., USA.
Biodefense Program, Schar School of Policy and Government, George Mason University, Arlington, Virginia, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0002-1521-8139

Kristine A Moore (KA)

Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0001-5689-1488

Michael T Osterholm (MT)

Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0003-1017-2618

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