The potential risk of enzootic Trypanosoma cruzi transmission inside four training and re-training military battalions (BITER) in Colombia.
Animals
Antigens, Protozoan
/ blood
Chagas Disease
/ epidemiology
Colombia
/ epidemiology
Dogs
Female
Genotype
Housing
Humans
Insect Vectors
/ parasitology
Male
Mammals
/ parasitology
Military Personnel
/ statistics & numerical data
Risk Factors
Teaching
Triatominae
/ genetics
Trypanosoma cruzi
/ immunology
Zoonoses
/ parasitology
Chagas disease
Colombia
Colombian National Army
Didelphis marsupialis
Entomological and mammal surveillance
Non-domiciliated triatomines
Reservoirs
Rhodnius pallescens
Rhodnius prolixus
Trypanosoma cruzi
Journal
Parasites & vectors
ISSN: 1756-3305
Titre abrégé: Parasit Vectors
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101462774
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
09 Oct 2021
09 Oct 2021
Historique:
received:
11
05
2021
accepted:
14
09
2021
entrez:
9
10
2021
pubmed:
10
10
2021
medline:
24
12
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Colombia's National Army is one of the largest military institutions in the country based on the number of serving members and its presence throughout the country. There have been reports of cases of acute or chronic cases of Chagas disease among active military personnel. These may be the result of military-associated activities performed in jungles and other endemic areas or the consequence of exposure to Trypanosoma cruzi inside military establishments/facilities located in endemic areas. The aim of the present study was to describe the circulation of T. cruzi inside facilities housing four training and re-training battalions [Battalions of Instruction, Training en Re-training (BITERs)] located in municipalities with historical reports of triatomine bugs and Chagas disease cases. An entomological and faunal survey of domestic and sylvatic environments was conducted inside each of these military facilities. Infection in working and stray dogs present in each BITER location was determined using serological and molecular tools, and T. cruzi in mammal and triatomine bug samples was determined by PCR assay. The PCR products of the vertebrate 12S rRNA gene were also obtained and subjected to Sanger sequencing to identify blood-feeding sources. Finally, we performed a geospatial analysis to evaluate the coexistence of infected triatomines and mammals with the military personal inside of each BITER installation. In total, 86 specimens were collected: 82 Rhodnius pallescens, two Rhodnius prolixus, one Triatoma dimidiata and one Triatoma maculata. The overall T. cruzi infection rate for R. pallescens and R. prolixus was 56.1 and 100% respectively, while T. dimidiata and T. maculata were not infected. Eight feeding sources were found for the infected triatomines, with opossum and humans being the most frequent sources of feeding (85.7%). Infection was most common in the common opossum Didelphis marsupialis, with infection levels of 77.7%. Sylvatic TcI was the most frequent genotype, found in 80% of triatomines and 75% of D. marsupialis. Of the samples collected from dogs (n = 52), five (9.6%; 95% confidence interval: 3.20-21.03) were seropositive based on two independent tests. Four of these dogs were creole and one was a working dog. The spatial analysis revealed a sympatry between infected vectors and mammals with the military population. We have shown a potential risk of spillover of sylvatic T. cruzi transmission to humans by oral and vectorial transmission in two BITER installations in Colombia. The results indicate that installations where 100,000 active military personnel carry out training activities should be prioritized for epidemiological surveillance of Chagas disease.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Colombia's National Army is one of the largest military institutions in the country based on the number of serving members and its presence throughout the country. There have been reports of cases of acute or chronic cases of Chagas disease among active military personnel. These may be the result of military-associated activities performed in jungles and other endemic areas or the consequence of exposure to Trypanosoma cruzi inside military establishments/facilities located in endemic areas. The aim of the present study was to describe the circulation of T. cruzi inside facilities housing four training and re-training battalions [Battalions of Instruction, Training en Re-training (BITERs)] located in municipalities with historical reports of triatomine bugs and Chagas disease cases. An entomological and faunal survey of domestic and sylvatic environments was conducted inside each of these military facilities.
METHODS
METHODS
Infection in working and stray dogs present in each BITER location was determined using serological and molecular tools, and T. cruzi in mammal and triatomine bug samples was determined by PCR assay. The PCR products of the vertebrate 12S rRNA gene were also obtained and subjected to Sanger sequencing to identify blood-feeding sources. Finally, we performed a geospatial analysis to evaluate the coexistence of infected triatomines and mammals with the military personal inside of each BITER installation.
RESULTS
RESULTS
In total, 86 specimens were collected: 82 Rhodnius pallescens, two Rhodnius prolixus, one Triatoma dimidiata and one Triatoma maculata. The overall T. cruzi infection rate for R. pallescens and R. prolixus was 56.1 and 100% respectively, while T. dimidiata and T. maculata were not infected. Eight feeding sources were found for the infected triatomines, with opossum and humans being the most frequent sources of feeding (85.7%). Infection was most common in the common opossum Didelphis marsupialis, with infection levels of 77.7%. Sylvatic TcI was the most frequent genotype, found in 80% of triatomines and 75% of D. marsupialis. Of the samples collected from dogs (n = 52), five (9.6%; 95% confidence interval: 3.20-21.03) were seropositive based on two independent tests. Four of these dogs were creole and one was a working dog. The spatial analysis revealed a sympatry between infected vectors and mammals with the military population.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
We have shown a potential risk of spillover of sylvatic T. cruzi transmission to humans by oral and vectorial transmission in two BITER installations in Colombia. The results indicate that installations where 100,000 active military personnel carry out training activities should be prioritized for epidemiological surveillance of Chagas disease.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34625109
doi: 10.1186/s13071-021-05018-4
pii: 10.1186/s13071-021-05018-4
pmc: PMC8501693
doi:
Substances chimiques
Antigens, Protozoan
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
519Subventions
Organisme : Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (CO)
ID : 784-2017
Organisme : Dirección de Ciencia y Tecnología (DITEC) of the Comando de Educación y Doctrina (CEDOC), Colombia National Army
ID : 054911
Organisme : Springer Nature
ID : MS 9079572032042290
Informations de copyright
© 2021. The Author(s).
Références
Vet Parasitol. 2013 Mar 31;193(1-3):71-7
pubmed: 23261089
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2017 Aug;97(2):481-488
pubmed: 28829725
J Infect Dis. 2016 Oct 15;214(8):1252-5
pubmed: 27511897
Int J Parasitol. 2010 Dec;40(14):1599-607
pubmed: 20670628
Biomedica. 2007 Jan;27 Suppl 1:8-17
pubmed: 18154241
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2013 Nov;108(7):932-5
pubmed: 24037107
Acta Trop. 2009 Apr;110(1):15-21
pubmed: 19135020
Biomedica. 2017 Jun 01;37(2):218-232
pubmed: 28527286
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2019 Feb 15;13(2):e0007170
pubmed: 30768613
Biomedica. 2007 Jan;27 Suppl 1:143-62
pubmed: 18154255
Mol Biol Evol. 2018 Jun 1;35(6):1547-1549
pubmed: 29722887
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2016 Sep 20;10(9):e0004997
pubmed: 27648938
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2014 Nov;109(7):856-62
pubmed: 25410988
J Clin Microbiol. 1989 Jul;27(7):1477-82
pubmed: 2504769
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2014 May 22;8(5):e2878
pubmed: 24854494
PLoS One. 2019 Oct 9;14(10):e0223611
pubmed: 31596874
PLoS One. 2019 Jan 7;14(1):e0210156
pubmed: 30615644
Mol Biochem Parasitol. 1996 Dec 20;83(2):141-52
pubmed: 9027747
Parasit Vectors. 2015 Sep 22;8:482
pubmed: 26394766
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1999 Nov-Dec;93(6):594-5
pubmed: 10717739
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2006 Aug;75(2):226-30
pubmed: 16896123
Parasite Epidemiol Control. 2020 Aug 05;11:e00171
pubmed: 32875129
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2009 Nov;104(7):1051-4
pubmed: 20027478
Parasit Vectors. 2018 Aug 30;11(1):492
pubmed: 30165892
Acta Trop. 2020 Sep;209:105550
pubmed: 32473116
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2015 May;110(3):387-93
pubmed: 25946157
Sci Rep. 2018 Mar 7;8(1):4140
pubmed: 29515202
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2019 Jan 14;52:e20180357
pubmed: 30652798
Prev Vet Med. 2017 Jun 1;141:1-6
pubmed: 28532988
J Med Entomol. 2016 Jan;53(1):122-9
pubmed: 26487247
Cad Saude Publica. 2014 Apr;30(4):746-56
pubmed: 24896050
Res Vet Sci. 2020 Oct;132:448-461
pubmed: 32781335
Biomedica. 2017 Jun 01;37(2):274-285
pubmed: 28527292
J Clin Microbiol. 2009 Dec;47(12):3945-51
pubmed: 19846646
Acta Trop. 2018 Aug;184:53-58
pubmed: 28495405
Mol Ecol. 2012 Sep;21(17):4216-26
pubmed: 22774844
BMJ Glob Health. 2017 Sep 7;2(3):e000345
pubmed: 29147578
Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 2015 Feb 6;90(6):33-43
pubmed: 25671846
Parasit Vectors. 2019 Dec 26;12(1):604
pubmed: 31878960
Parasitology. 2009 May;136(6):641-55
pubmed: 19368741
Biomedica. 2014 Oct-Dec;34(4):631-41
pubmed: 25504253
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2012 May;86(5):807-11
pubmed: 22556078
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2007 Oct 30;102 Suppl 1:29-38
pubmed: 17891273
Infect Genet Evol. 2013 Dec;20:352-61
pubmed: 24035810
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2012;6(5):e1647
pubmed: 22616021
Parasit Vectors. 2017 Oct 10;10(1):459
pubmed: 29017584
Biomedica. 2010 Jul-Sep;30(3):382-9
pubmed: 21713340
Infect Genet Evol. 2009 Jul;9(4):441-8
pubmed: 19138764
Int J Parasitol. 2000 Nov;30(12-13):1395-405
pubmed: 11113264
Vet Parasitol. 2013 Sep 1;196(1-2):216-9
pubmed: 23351975
Biomedica. 2007 Jan;27 Suppl 1:64-74
pubmed: 18154246
Parasit Vectors. 2016 Dec 1;9(1):620
pubmed: 27903288
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2010 Apr;82(4):580-2
pubmed: 20348502
Parasit Vectors. 2014 Aug 20;7:381
pubmed: 25141852
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 1984 Oct-Dec;79(4):513-5
pubmed: 6442753
J Med Entomol. 2018 Feb 28;55(2):370-381
pubmed: 29272421
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2009 Jul;104 Suppl 1:71-5
pubmed: 19753461