Cognitive control mediates age-related changes in flexible anticipatory processing during listening comprehension.


Journal

Brain research
ISSN: 1872-6240
Titre abrégé: Brain Res
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 0045503

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
01 10 2021
Historique:
received: 31 12 2020
revised: 16 05 2021
accepted: 25 06 2021
pubmed: 4 7 2021
medline: 19 3 2022
entrez: 3 7 2021
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Effective listening comprehension not only requires processing local linguistic input, but also necessitates incorporating contextual cues available in the global communicative environment. Local sentence processing can be facilitated by pre-activation of likely upcoming input, or predictive processing. Recent evidence suggests that young adults can flexibly adapt local predictive processes based on cues provided by the global communicative environment, such as the reliability of specific speakers. Whether older comprehenders can also flexibly adapt to global contextual cues is currently unknown. Moreover, it is unclear whether the underlying mechanisms supporting local predictive processing differ from those supporting adaptation to global contextual cues. Critically, it is unclear whether these mechanisms change as a function of typical aging. We examined the flexibility of prediction in young and older adults by presenting sentences from speakers whose utterances were typically more or less predictable (i.e., reliable speakers who produced expected words 80% of the time, versus unreliable speakers who produced expected words 20% of the time). For young listeners, global speaker reliability cues modulated neural effects of local predictability on the N400. In contrast, older adults, on average, did not show global modulation of local processing. Importantly, however, cognitive control (i.e., Stroop interference effects) mediated age-related reductions in sensitivity to the reliability of the speaker. Both young and older adults with high cognitive control showed greater N400 effects of predictability during sentences produced by a reliable speaker, suggesting that cognitive control is required to regulate the strength of top-down predictions based on global contextual information. Critically, cognitive control predicted sensitivity to global speaker-specific information but not local predictability cues, suggesting that predictive processing in local sentence contexts may be supported by separable neural mechanisms from adaptation of prediction as a function of global context. These results have important implications for interpreting age-related change in predictive processing, and for drawing more generalized conclusions regarding domain-general versus language-specific accounts of prediction.

Identifiants

pubmed: 34216583
pii: S0006-8993(21)00430-3
doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147573
pmc: PMC8403152
mid: NIHMS1721640
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Review

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

147573

Subventions

Organisme : NIA NIH HHS
ID : R56 AG053346
Pays : United States

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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Auteurs

Shruti Dave (S)

Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA. Electronic address: shruti.dave@northwestern.edu.

Trevor Brothers (T)

Department of Psychology, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.

Liv J Hoversten (LJ)

Department of Psychology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA.

Matthew J Traxler (MJ)

Department of Psychology and Center for Mind and Brain, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.

Tamara Y Swaab (TY)

Department of Psychology and Center for Mind and Brain, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.

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