Endemic gastrointestinal illness and change in raw water source and drinking water production - A population-based prospective study.
Cohort
Drinking water
Gastrointestinal illness
Raw water source
Water treatment
Journal
Environment international
ISSN: 1873-6750
Titre abrégé: Environ Int
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 7807270
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
04 2020
04 2020
Historique:
received:
15
11
2019
revised:
10
02
2020
accepted:
10
02
2020
pubmed:
23
2
2020
medline:
15
9
2020
entrez:
23
2
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
There are indications that drinking water may contribute to endemic gastrointestinal illness (GII) even when the drinking water quality meets current standards, but the knowledge is limited. In this population-based prospective study, we assessed if changes in municipal drinking water production affected the GII incidence, by collecting self-reported GII episodes among the population in two municipalities during calendar time-specific inter-annual periods. About 2600 adults in central Sweden and 2600 adults (including 700 households with children aged 0-9 years) in Southwest Sweden, were followed during a baseline and a follow-up period in 2012-2016. Monthly reports of episodes and symptoms of GII were collected by SMS. The following drinking water related changes were assessed: Change 1 (adults); a municipality with a groundwater treatment, changed to a different groundwater source with UV treatment; Change 2 (adults); a municipality with a surface water treatment changed to a groundwater source with UV treatment; and Change 3a (adults) and 3b (children): a municipality with a surface water treatment changed to a new surface water source, having a treatment with a higher pathogen reduction. We observed no evidence that changes in raw water source and/or improved pathogen removal in the drinking water treatment affected the risk of GII among adults. Among children aged 0-9 years participating in Change 3b, we observed a 24% relative risk reduction in GII incidence. These results suggest that improved water treatment may reduce the disease burden of GII in children even in settings in which water treatment efficacy meets current quality standards.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32086079
pii: S0160-4120(19)34279-5
doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105575
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Drinking Water
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
105575Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.