Elevated T-helper 2 cytokine levels in high fat diet-fed C57BL/6 mice are attenuated by short-term 6-week treatment with a combination of low-dose aspirin and metformin.

To evaluate T-helper cytokine responses in a short-term high fat diet (HFD) induced impaired glucose metabolism. To further evaluate the modulation of T-helper 1 (Th Two experiments were carried out in this study in order to evaluate the T-helper cytokine profiles in a state of impaired glucose metabolism. A total of 28 six-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were used in this study. In the first experiment, mice were fed either a high fat diet or low fat diet for a duration of 10 weeks. We then determined the Th In the first experiment, we measured the body weights, blood glucose levels, insulin levels, lipid profiles and haematological parameters. We further performed oral glucose tolerance testing following an 8-hour fast and serum Th High fat diet-feeding caused a marked increase in circulating peripheral blood lymphocytes, which was attenuated by short-term low-dose aspirin treatment. Moreover, the HFD feeding resulted in 2-fold increase in total cholesterol and a 4-fold increase in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol when compared to the low-fat diet-fed group (p < 0.05). In the high fat diet group, impaired glucose metabolism was associated with skewed Th The early immunological and metabolic changes that occur in a state impaired glucose tolerance are accompanied by the increased production of Th

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Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.