A review on hepatitis D: From virology to new therapies.

Chronic hepatitis Epidemiology Hepatitis delta management Hepatitis delta virus Treatment Virus life cycle

Journal

Journal of advanced research
ISSN: 2090-1232
Titre abrégé: J Adv Res
Pays: Egypt
ID NLM: 101546952

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
May 2019
Historique:
received: 02 01 2019
revised: 21 03 2019
accepted: 22 03 2019
entrez: 14 6 2019
pubmed: 14 6 2019
medline: 14 6 2019
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a defective virus that requires the hepatitis B virus (HBV) to complete its life cycle in human hepatocytes. HDV virions contain an envelope incorporating HBV surface antigen protein and a ribonucleoprotein containing the viral circular single-stranded RNA genome associated with both forms of hepatitis delta antigen, the only viral encoded protein. Replication is mediated by the host cell DNA-dependent RNA polymerases. HDV infects up to72 million people worldwide and is associated with an increased risk of severe and rapidly progressive liver disease. Pegylated interferon-alpha is still the only available treatment for chronic hepatitis D, with poor tolerance and dismal success rate. Although the development of antivirals inhibiting the viral replication is challenging, as HDV does not possess its own polymerase, several antiviral molecules targeting other steps of the viral life cycle are currently under clinical development: Myrcludex B, which blocks HDV entry into hepatocytes, lonafarnib, a prenylation inhibitor that prevents virion assembly, and finally REP 2139, which is thought to inhibit HBsAg release from hepatocytes and interact with hepatitis delta antigen. This review updates the epidemiology, virology and management of HDV infection.

Identifiants

pubmed: 31193285
doi: 10.1016/j.jare.2019.03.009
pii: S2090-1232(19)30075-X
pmc: PMC6526199
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Review

Langues

eng

Pagination

3-15

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Auteurs

Nathalie Mentha (N)

Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.

Sophie Clément (S)

Division of Clinical Pathology, Geneva University Hospitals, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.

Francesco Negro (F)

Division of Clinical Pathology, Geneva University Hospitals, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.

Dulce Alfaiate (D)

Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.

Classifications MeSH