Immunochemotherapy for Richter syndrome: current insights.
Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Richter syndrome
Richter transformation
chronic lymphocytic leukemia
diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Journal
ImmunoTargets and therapy
ISSN: 2253-1556
Titre abrégé: Immunotargets Ther
Pays: New Zealand
ID NLM: 101606565
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2019
2019
Historique:
entrez:
22
2
2019
pubmed:
23
2
2019
medline:
23
2
2019
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Richter syndrome (RS) is recognized as the development of a secondary and aggressive lymphoma during the clinical course of chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL). Most of such histological transformations are from RS to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL-RS, 90%) and Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL-RS, 10%). Histopathological examination is a prerequisite for diagnosis. It is crucial to assess the relationship between the RS clone and the underlying CLL/SLL because clonally related DLBCL-RS has a poor outcome, while clonally unrelated cases have a prognosis similar to de novo DLBCL. An anti-CD20 antibody-based immunochemotherapy is hitherto the frontline treatment of choice for DLBCL-RS; nonetheless, the results are unsatisfactory. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation should be offered to younger and fit patients as a consolidative treatment; however, the majority of the patients may not be qualified for this procedure. The HL-RS transformation has better outcomes than those of DLBCL-RS and can effectively be treated by the adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine regimen. Although novel agents are currently being investigated for RS, immunochemotherapy nevertheless remains a standard treatment for DLBCL-RS.
Identifiants
pubmed: 30788335
doi: 10.2147/ITT.S167456
pii: itt-8-001
pmc: PMC6368420
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
1-14Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Disclosure The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.
Références
Cancer. 2003 Apr 1;97(7):1711-20
pubmed: 12655528
Nouv Rev Fr Hematol. 1964 Sep-Oct;4:621-44
pubmed: 14199493
Cancer. 2003 Dec 15;98(12):2657-63
pubmed: 14669286
Eur J Cancer. 2004 Feb;40(3):383-9
pubmed: 14746857
J Clin Invest. 2004 Apr;113(7):1008-16
pubmed: 15057307
J Natl Cancer Inst. 1992 Sep 16;84(18):1422-7
pubmed: 1512794
Hematology. 2004 Oct-Dec;9(5-6):387-400
pubmed: 15763979
Leukemia. 2006 Jun;20(6):1089-95
pubmed: 16541139
J Clin Oncol. 2006 May 20;24(15):2343-51
pubmed: 16710033
J Nucl Med. 2006 Aug;47(8):1267-73
pubmed: 16883004
Am J Clin Pathol. 1990 Mar;93(3):333-9
pubmed: 1689938
Cancer. 2006 Sep 15;107(6):1294-302
pubmed: 16902984
Haematologica. 2006 Oct;91(10):1405-9
pubmed: 17018394
Leukemia. 2006 Dec;20(12):2204-7
pubmed: 17051245
Am J Surg Pathol. 2007 Oct;31(10):1605-14
pubmed: 17895764
J Clin Oncol. 2008 Jan 10;26(2):196-203
pubmed: 18182662
Haematologica. 2008 Mar;93(3):473-4
pubmed: 18310544
Br J Haematol. 2008 Jun;142(2):202-15
pubmed: 18492108
Br J Haematol. 2008 Sep;142(5):709-16
pubmed: 18492119
Leukemia. 2009 Jun;23(6):1062-72
pubmed: 19340005
Clin Cancer Res. 2009 Jul 1;15(13):4415-22
pubmed: 19509140
Am J Pathol. 1928 Jul;4(4):285-292.7
pubmed: 19969796
Hematol Oncol. 2010 Jun;28(2):62-7
pubmed: 20014148
Haematologica. 2010 Sep;95(9):1526-33
pubmed: 20421272
Immunol Rev. 2010 Jul;236:219-42
pubmed: 20636820
Blood. 2011 Mar 24;117(12):3391-401
pubmed: 21266718
Nature. 2011 Jun 05;475(7354):101-5
pubmed: 21642962
J Exp Med. 2011 Jul 4;208(7):1389-401
pubmed: 21670202
Int J Cancer. 2012 Jun 15;130(12):3006-10
pubmed: 21796624
Br J Haematol. 2012 Jan;156(1):50-66
pubmed: 22017478
Blood. 2011 Dec 22;118(26):6904-8
pubmed: 22039264
Blood. 2012 May 31;119(22):5104-10
pubmed: 22337714
Br J Haematol. 2012 Jul;158(2):286-288
pubmed: 22500554
J Clin Oncol. 2012 Jun 20;30(18):2211-7
pubmed: 22547610
Leuk Lymphoma. 2013 Feb;54(2):213-4
pubmed: 22897730
Leuk Lymphoma. 2013 Feb;54(2):252-4
pubmed: 22897733
Blood. 2013 Feb 21;121(8):1403-12
pubmed: 23243274
Cytometry B Clin Cytom. 2013 Sep-Oct;84(5):350-3
pubmed: 23283841
Leuk Lymphoma. 2014 Feb;55(2):314-9
pubmed: 23656196
Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2013 Oct;13(5):568-74
pubmed: 23810245
Br J Haematol. 2013 Sep;162(6):774-82
pubmed: 23841899
Leuk Lymphoma. 2014 Feb;55(2):233-4
pubmed: 23915194
Br J Haematol. 2013 Oct;163(2):194-204
pubmed: 23961875
Blood. 2013 Oct 10;122(15):2673-82
pubmed: 24004666
J Exp Med. 2013 Oct 21;210(11):2273-88
pubmed: 24127483
Blood. 2014 Mar 13;123(11):1647-57
pubmed: 24421328
N Engl J Med. 2014 Mar 13;370(11):997-1007
pubmed: 24450857
Anticancer Res. 2014 Feb;34(2):785-90
pubmed: 24511013
N Engl J Med. 2014 Jul 17;371(3):213-23
pubmed: 24881631
Am J Hematol. 2014 Dec;89(12):E239-43
pubmed: 25196783
Leuk Lymphoma. 2015 Jul;56(7):1949-58
pubmed: 25356923
Eur J Haematol. 2015 Aug;95(2):160-7
pubmed: 25359318
Am J Clin Pathol. 2015 Jan;143(1):25-35
pubmed: 25511139
Lancet Oncol. 2015 Feb;16(2):169-76
pubmed: 25555420
Am J Hematol. 2015 Apr;90(4):334-8
pubmed: 25581025
Blood. 2015 Mar 5;125(10):1676-8
pubmed: 25745187
Blood. 2015 Jun 4;125(23):3580-7
pubmed: 25900981
JAMA Oncol. 2015 Apr;1(1):80-7
pubmed: 26182309
N Engl J Med. 2015 Dec 17;373(25):2425-37
pubmed: 26639149
N Engl J Med. 2016 Jan 28;374(4):311-22
pubmed: 26639348
Lancet Oncol. 2016 Feb;17(2):200-211
pubmed: 26655421
Nat Commun. 2016 May 20;7:11589
pubmed: 27199251
Histopathology. 2016 Dec;69(6):1066-1076
pubmed: 27345622
Br J Haematol. 2016 Oct;175(1):43-54
pubmed: 27378086
Am J Hematol. 2016 Oct;91(10):1036-43
pubmed: 27414262
Blood. 2016 Nov 3;128(18):2199-2205
pubmed: 27601462
Acta Haematol. 2016;136(4):244-255
pubmed: 27802434
Blood. 2017 Mar 16;129(11):1469-1479
pubmed: 28049639
J Clin Oncol. 2017 Mar 10;35(8):826-833
pubmed: 28095146
Blood. 2017 Mar 9;129(10):1270-1274
pubmed: 28096090
Mol Ther. 2017 Jan 4;25(1):285-295
pubmed: 28129122
Cancer. 2017 Jun 15;123(12):2268-2273
pubmed: 28171709
Curr Treat Options Oncol. 2017 Jan;18(1):5
pubmed: 28185174
Leuk Lymphoma. 2017 Oct;58(10):2485-2488
pubmed: 28278701
Am J Hematol. 2017 Jun;92(6):529-535
pubmed: 28295527
Blood. 2017 Jun 29;129(26):3419-3427
pubmed: 28424162
Anticancer Res. 2017 Jun;37(6):3277-3280
pubmed: 28551676
Eur J Haematol. 2017 Oct;99(4):378-380
pubmed: 28561533
Br J Haematol. 2018 Jan;180(2):259-266
pubmed: 29193006
Eur J Haematol. 2018 Apr;100(4):389-391
pubmed: 29243346
Blood Adv. 2017 May 02;1(12):715-727
pubmed: 29296715
Blood Adv. 2017 Aug 21;1(19):1584-1588
pubmed: 29296799
Blood. 2018 Jun 21;131(25):2761-2772
pubmed: 29692342
Anticancer Res. 2018 May;38(5):3025-3030
pubmed: 29715135
Leuk Lymphoma. 2019 Jan;60(1):230-233
pubmed: 29745744
Am J Surg Pathol. 2018 Jul;42(7):843-854
pubmed: 29762141
Best Pract Res Clin Haematol. 2018 Jun;31(2):135-146
pubmed: 29909914
Br J Haematol. 2018 Jul 5;:null
pubmed: 29974955
Br J Haematol. 2018 Jul 20;:null
pubmed: 30028000
Br J Haematol. 2018 Jul 20;:null
pubmed: 30028010
Blood. 2018 Nov 15;132(20):2179-2182
pubmed: 30242085
Blood. 1993 Nov 15;82(10):3141-7
pubmed: 7693038
J Clin Oncol. 1993 Oct;11(10):1985-9
pubmed: 8410123