HTLV prevalence is no longer following the decreasing HIV prevalence - 20 years of retroviral surveillance in Guinea-Bissau, West Africa.
Epidemiology
Guinea-Bissau
HIV
HIV-2
HTLV
West Africa
Journal
Acta tropica
ISSN: 1873-6254
Titre abrégé: Acta Trop
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 0370374
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Apr 2019
Apr 2019
Historique:
received:
29
04
2018
revised:
09
02
2019
accepted:
12
02
2019
pubmed:
17
2
2019
medline:
10
4
2019
entrez:
17
2
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The HIV-2 and HTLV-1 prevalences in Bissau have followed similar trends in surveys from 1996 and 2006 with HTLV-1 prevalences of 3.6% and 2.3%, respectively. However, following the introduction of antiretroviral treatment (ART) and informative campaigns about HIV, the epidemics may have shifted. To evaluate the current HTLV prevalence and the continued association with HIV, we performed a third survey. A cross-sectional survey was performed from November 2014 to February 2016. In total, 2583 participants were interviewed, tested for HIV, and had blood samples collected. Samples were analysed for anti-HTLV using chemiluminescence and immunoblot assays. We calculated the HTLV prevalence for 2016 and examined risk factors for HTLV and associations with HIV using binominal regression. The prevalence of HTLV was 2.8% (71/2583), 1.5% (16/1,089) for men and 3.7% (55/1,494) for women. Old age, female sex, HIV-2 infection and sharing a house with a HTLV- infected person were strong risk factors for HTLV. In contrast to previous studies, we found a non-significant increase in prevalence among the 15-24 year-olds since 2006, supporting ongoing transmission. The HTLV prevalence in Bissau showed a non-significant increase. We found evidence supporting continuous vertical and horizontal routes of transmissions.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
The HIV-2 and HTLV-1 prevalences in Bissau have followed similar trends in surveys from 1996 and 2006 with HTLV-1 prevalences of 3.6% and 2.3%, respectively. However, following the introduction of antiretroviral treatment (ART) and informative campaigns about HIV, the epidemics may have shifted. To evaluate the current HTLV prevalence and the continued association with HIV, we performed a third survey.
METHODS
METHODS
A cross-sectional survey was performed from November 2014 to February 2016. In total, 2583 participants were interviewed, tested for HIV, and had blood samples collected. Samples were analysed for anti-HTLV using chemiluminescence and immunoblot assays. We calculated the HTLV prevalence for 2016 and examined risk factors for HTLV and associations with HIV using binominal regression.
RESULTS
RESULTS
The prevalence of HTLV was 2.8% (71/2583), 1.5% (16/1,089) for men and 3.7% (55/1,494) for women. Old age, female sex, HIV-2 infection and sharing a house with a HTLV- infected person were strong risk factors for HTLV. In contrast to previous studies, we found a non-significant increase in prevalence among the 15-24 year-olds since 2006, supporting ongoing transmission.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
The HTLV prevalence in Bissau showed a non-significant increase. We found evidence supporting continuous vertical and horizontal routes of transmissions.
Identifiants
pubmed: 30771284
pii: S0001-706X(18)30538-2
doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.02.015
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Historical Article
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
144-150Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.